8_Group_Assessment 群体动物福利评估法 .ppt

This module will enable you to此模組將使你能夠 Understand the principles of welfare assessment at group level了解群體福利之評估原則 Identify different methods for assessment確認不同的評估方法 Recognise applications for welfare assessment at group level認識動物福利群體評估的應用 Understand management of health and welfare in group systems了解群體健康與福利系統的管理 Introduction介紹 Principles of welfare assessment on group level群體動物福利評估的原則 Which groups of animals?什麼樣的動物群體 Farms農場動物 Laboratory animals實驗動物 Animals in shelters收容所的動物 Wildlife野生動物 Etc.及其他 Principles of welfare assessment on group level群體動物福利評估的原則 Requirements for welfare indicators動物福利指標的要求 Practicability實用性 E.g. time constraints, expenses如時間限制、成本 Reliability: Amount of random error, including可信度:統計誤差,包括 Agreement between observers不同評審之一致同意 Agreement between different observations of the same observer同一評審對不同測試項目之觀察結果 Validity: Meaningfulness of the parameter有效性:有意義的參數 Epidemiological approach流行病學 Selecting a representative cross-section of groups of animals e.g. from all dairy units of an area 從不同動物群體中橫切選擇有代表性的抽樣 如同一地區之不同乳牛群 Random selection of animals of a group同一群體中之動物做亂數抽樣 Assessment評估 Severity and duration of a problem問題的嚴重性和持續性 Numbers of animals affected – i.e. Prevalence and Incidence受影響的動物數目-盛行率和發生率 Methods方法 Input – assessment 間接評估 Measurements of housing 房舍測量 Provision of food and water食物飲水提供 Qualification of stockperson工作人員能力 Medicine records 醫療記錄 Output – assessment 直接評估 Assessment of live animal 活動物的評估 Assessment of dead animal abattoir, post mortems 死動物評估 屠宰場,死後屠體等評估 Example 1: Animal-centred assessment 例子1:以動物為中心的評估 Main et al 2003 Welfare outputs 動物福利的直接參數 Dairy cows乳牛 Farm records農場檢驗紀錄 Farmer’s estimates of disease incidence, body condition etc農民對疾病發生率及身體狀況的評估 Independent observations獨立的觀察 Example 2: Animal Needs Index 例子2:動物需求指數 Bartussek et al 2000 Uses welfare inputs outputs使用動物福利的間接和直接參數 Space and movement空間和移動 Social interaction社交 Flooring地板材料 Light and air光線和空氣 Stockmanship飼養員關懷 E.g. animal cleanliness動物的清潔 Can we des