博大考神201年职称英语考试综合类A级真题试卷及参考答案(二).doc

博大考神2012年职称英语考试综合类A级真题试卷及参考答案（二） 收集：博大教育专家 来源：/article-5964.html?page=2 第四部分：阅读理解(第31~45题，每题3分，共45分) 　　下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。 　　第一篇 　　DNA testing 　　DNA testing reveals the genes of each individual person. Since the early twentieth century scientists have known that all human characteristics are contained in a persons genes and are passed from parents to children. Genes work as a chemical instruction manual for each part and each function of the body. Their basic chemical element is called DNA, a copy of which can be found in every cell. The existence of genes and the chemical structure of DNA were understood by the mid-1900s, but scientists have only recently been able to identify a person from just a drop of blood or a single hair. 　　One of the most important uses of DNA testing is in criminal investigation. The very first use of DNA testing in a criminal case was in 1985 in Great Britain, when a man confessed to killing a young woman in the English countryside. Because police had found samples of the killer’s DNA at the scene of the crime, a biologist suggested that it might be possible to compare that DNA to some from the confessors blood. To everyones surprise, the tests showed that he was not the killer. Nor was he guilty of a similar murder that had happened some time earlier. At that point he admitted that he had confessed to the crimes out of fear and police pressure. The police then asked 5,000 local men for samples of their blood, and DNA testing revealed that one of them was the real murderer, so the first man was set free. 　　In 1992, two law professors, Peter Neufeld and Barry Scheck, decided to use DNA evidence to help set free such mistakenly convicted prisoners. With the help of their students, they created a not-for-profit organization called the Innocence Project. Most of their clients are poor men, many from racial and ethnic minorities. In fact, studies have shown that U.S. judges and juries are often influenced by racial and ethn