四层电梯的PL控制系统的设计.doc

四层电梯的PLC控制系统的设计 山东工商学院 信电学院 电气093 时林 电梯是高层建筑不可缺少的运输工具，用于垂直运送乘客和货物，传统的电梯控制系统主要采用继电器--接触器进行控制，其缺点是触点多，故障率高、可靠性差、维修工作量大等，而采用 PLC组成的控制系统可以很好地解决上问题。本论文通过讨论电梯控制系统的组成，阐述可编程控制器（PLC）在电梯控制中的应用，提出了三层电梯的PLC控制系统总体设计方案， 并给出了系统组成框图和程序流程图，在分析、处理随机信号逻辑关系的基础上，提出了PLC的编程方法。采本方案实现电梯控制，能够解决继电器——接触器触点多，故障率高、可靠性差、安装调试周期长、维修工作量大、接线复杂等缺点。使电梯运行更加安全、方便关键词：电梯、PLC、梯形图 Elevator, the necessary transportation tool for tall buildings, is used for transferring passengers and commodities vertically. Most traditional elevator control system adopts relay--- contacting machine as its central director. But this system has so many disadvantages such as too many contacting points, high fault rate, heavy repairing work and so on. So if it was replaced by the control system equipped with PLC, the problems will be solved much more easily. This essay explains the application of PLC on elevator，by discussing the construction of elevator control system. It also illustrates the general design project, the design process and construction of the PLC control system for three-story buildings, listing the specific main circuit, trapezium control chart of elevator and repertoires. It also shows the construction of frame chart of the system and process flow chart. Thus the programming method of PLC is brought forward on the basis of analyzing and dealing with the logic relationship of random signs. It also designed a complicated elevator control system. If the project can be accepted, it can solve the problems which can be brought by relay, such as too many contacting points, high fault rate, low reliability, long installation and debugging time, heavy repairing work, complex connection and so on. Keywords：Elevator，PLC，trapezium 1.电梯模型PLC控制系统设计1.1电梯的类型（1）按使用性质分：客梯；货梯；消防电梯按电梯行驶速度分： 高速电梯。速度大于2m/s。 中速电梯。速度在2m/s之内。 低速电梯。运送食物电梯常用低速，速度在1.5m/s以内。观光电梯：观光电梯是把竖向交通工具和登高流动观景相结合的电梯。1）电梯由下列几部分组成：电梯井道；电梯机房；井道地坑：井道地坑在最底层平面标高下≥1.4m，作为轿厢下降时所需的缓冲器的安装空间；组成电梯的有关部件；2）轿厢；3）井壁导轨和导轨支架；4）牵引轮及其钢支架、钢丝绳、平衡锤、轿厢开关门、检修起重吊钩等；5）有关电器