嘉应学院学生早餐况调查分析.doc

嘉应学院学生早餐状况调查分析【摘要】?早餐吃好，午餐吃饱，晚餐吃少，是我国民间广泛流传的说法，也是合符科学的三餐规律。目的：了解大学生早餐摄入情况,为进一步的营养健康教育和营养干预提供参考依据。方法：采用回顾性问卷调查法，对大学生的早餐就餐情况、早餐各类食物摄入情况、选择食物的依据等进行调查。结果：大学生早餐摄入率低，每天吃早餐的人数仅占70.7 %;早餐摄入的食物单调;76.2 %的学生依据自己的口味或食物价格选择食物，仅14.4 %的大学生依据食物的营养来选择，9.4 %的大学生依据食物的卫生来选择。结论：大学生早餐摄入情况不容乐观，摄入率低，早餐质量不高，不重视食物的营养价值及自身的营养需要，应加强大学生营养知识的教育。 【关键词】? 大学生;早餐;膳食;营养状况 　　The proverb‘Eating breakfast well, eating lunch satisfied, eating less dinner’is not only popular among the arguments, but also complies with the laws of science meal. TAbctract　Objective： To investigate the breakfast status of students from College to provide reference basis for further health education and health intervention. Methods: Retrospective questionnaire method was employed to investigate the breakfast status of college students, the variety of food taken in for breakfast and the basis for choosing food. Results: The uptake rate of breakfast was low, the population of having breakfast everyday is 70.7 % of the total, with a monotony of food; 76.2 % of students chose food, based on their own taste and food price; Only 14.4 % of students chose food by nutrition of the food and 9.4% by health of food. Conclusions： The breakfast status of college students was not satisfactory, with low uptake rate and poor quality of breakfast. Most of the students didnt pay much attention to nutritional value of food and their own nutritional requirement. It is suggested that great efforts should be made to strengthen the education of students in food nutrition. 　　Key words　College students ; Breakfast; Natritional status; Diet 国家公众营养与发展中心胡承康教授告诫公众，早餐营养不容忽视，早餐对保障人体健康、维持体能、提高学习和工作效率至关重要。长期不吃早餐不仅影响学习和工作，同时也会引发一些疾病，如胆结石、胃炎、皮肤粗糙、低血压等症。而在当今我国不论城乡家庭，普遍存在着忽视早餐的现象。尤其是越来越多的大学生因为起床晚、减肥、图方便等原因不吃早餐或是草草应付，以致引发了许多问题。身体素质急剧下降，学习效率严重降低，大学生早餐问题亟待关注。 　 早餐是每一天的第一餐，其所提供的能量和营养素在全天的能量和营养素摄入中有极其重要的地位[1]，而且可能对成年后一些慢性疾病如心脏病、肿瘤、糖尿病、骨质疏松症等的预防起重要作用[2]。是否吃早餐及早餐的质量都会影响上午的学习和工作效率[3]。如果早餐吃的太少或根本不吃，那么体内无法提供热能，接近中午时早已饥饿、头昏、四肢无力，学习效率明显低下，严重时会出现低血糖。同时，由于一个上午饥肠辘辘，午饭时必定饭量