parkinson disease 帕金森病课件.pptVIP

Parkinson’s Disease wiley Background Parkinson’s disease is a progressive degeneration disorder of the central nervous system. Also named paralysis agitans Affect 1-2% of people over 65 years old Causes: genes—DJ-1、PINK and so on environmental factors: pesticides Disease is progressive – signs/symptoms worsen over time Famous cases Neurological Basis Cells in substantia nigra produce/release dopamin Dopamine released by SN neurons lands on neurons of other brain centers, controlling their firing Main targets are caudate nucleus and putamen (corpus striatum) This basal ganglia pathway is involved in regulation of movement Neurological Basis Parkinson’s brain function–Basal Ganglia Cells of substantia nigra degenerate These cells can no longer produce adequate amounts of dopamine Neurons of striatum, etc. are no longer well regulated, thus do not behave in normal manner Results in loss of control of movements – leads to symptoms characteristic of Parkinson’s disease Early symptoms of parkinson’s diseases Main signs of parkinson’s disease Characteristic Symptoms MOTOR tremor bradykinesia rigidity/freezing in place lack of facial expression postural instability stooped, shuffling gait NONMOTOR diminished sense of smell low voice volume foot cramps sleep disturbance depression constipation drooling No Effective Cure Treatment of Parkinson’s disease There is no cure for Parkinsons disease, but medications and surgery can provide relief from the symptoms. I have no good idea！ Drugs for parkinson’s disease Drugs for parkinson’s disease The oral dopamine agonists are not as potent as levodopa in alleviating parkinsonism, but are less prone to cause dyskinesia Dopamine agonists often cause their own adverse effects in older patients, especially hallucinations Selegiline and entacapone prolong the duration of action of levodopa Amantadine can be very helpful in suppressing dyskinesia Anti