第三节 金属的性变形与再结晶.doc

塑性变形是塑性材料的一个极其重要的性能，也是材料成型的一种重要加工方法。大多数金属均具有良好的塑性变形能力，这也是金属材料获得广泛应用的重要原因之一。塑性变形可以改变金属的外形，也是塑性材料成形的主要方法之一。同时塑性变形也会改变材料的内部组织和结构，从而影响到它的宏观性能，可使材料的某些性能如强度等得到显著的提高。但在塑性变形的同时，也会给材料的组织和性能带来某些不利的影响，为了消除塑性变形(冷加工)这些不利的影响，在加工之后或加工过程中，通常还对材料进行加热，使其内部发生回复和再结晶过程。所以，塑性变形和再结晶是材料研究中的重要问题。 实质： 弹性变形的实质是在应力的作用下，材料内部原子间距就偏离了平衡位置，但未超过其原子间的结合力。晶体材料反应为晶格发生了伸长(缩短)或歪扭。原子的相邻关系还未发生改变，故外力去除后，原子间结合力便可以使变形完全恢复。 实质：塑性变形的实质是在应力的作用下，材料内部原子相邻关系已经发生改变，故外力去除后，原子回到另一平衡位置，物体将留下永久变形。 loan management (post) review: 1, approval criteria have been implemented; 2, the contract is correct; 3, in line with the contract, payment; 4, no other major cases against loan security;、Reviewed by: date of record form 9: qilu bank borrowing by single years of maximum amount a maximum no-loan borrowers: borrowers: ... Borrower name number, line of credit expiry date year month day to year month day maximum number of years in the loan contract are the top line opened, the borrowed and requested your bank opened credit lines above, is hereby requested. Borrower signature: date agreed to open credit lines. Customer Manager signature: date agreed to open credit lines. Loan review signature: date line cancellation-I did not use the loan amount, your bank credit lines to be cancelled. -Credit loan principal repayment, your bank credit lines to be cancelled. Borrower signature: date-unused credit lines, agree to write off loans. -Credit loan principal repayment, agree to write off loans. Customer Manager signature: date case, agree to write off loans. Loan review signature: date of record form 16: qilu self credit for credit card cancellation application form name of borrower ID number and credit limit expiration date year month day to year month day year contract number self-service card-I do not use credit, your bank credit lines to be cancelled. -Credit loan principal repayment, your bank credit lines to be cancelled. Borrower si