胫腓骨骨折的常护理与康复训练.doc

胫腓骨骨折的常规护理与康复训练 甘肃省中医院三病区护理部 严晓娟 摘要：胫腓骨骨折的常规护理与康复训练既包括了骨科的常规护理和部分康复训练方法，又因为胫腓骨骨折的特殊性，如骨筋膜室综合征好发于小腿、深静脉血栓形成在下肢发生率较高、不同的治疗方法又有不同的护理注意事项即石膏外固定需严防血液循环障碍、骨筋膜室综合征、压疮，外固定架固定常遇到针道感染，髓内针治疗应告知病人早期活动和负重，切开复位钢板螺钉内固定创伤较大、注意疼痛护理等，从而决定了胫腓骨骨折的护理又有着特殊的内容；又由于胫腓骨承担着负重和行走的重要功能的特殊性，决定了胫腓骨骨折在不同的恢复阶段，需采用不同的康复方法使骨折、肌力、关节活动度以及步态最大程度地恢复，才能使患者患肢负重和行走的功能得到满意的康复，尽早回归到社会生活中去。 关键词：胫腓骨骨折； 常规护理； 康复训练； 特殊性 Conventional Care and Rehabilitation Training for Tibia and Fibula Fracture Yan Xiaojuan Gansu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine Abstract：the conventional care and rehabilitation training for tibia and fibula fracture include conventional part of orthopaedic care and rehabilitation training methods, but also because of the specificity of tibia and fibula fracture, such as compartment syndrome occuring in the lower leg, the higher incidence of deep venous thrombosis in the lower extremity , different care and attentions because of different treatments, such as issues that need to prevent blood circulation disorder, compartment syndrome, pressure ulcers in the plaster fixation, pin tract infection is often encountered in external fixation, patients treated with intramedullary nail should be informed of activities and weight-bearing early, more pain care is needed to greater trauma of open reduction and plate and screw fixation,it is determined that the care for tibia and fibula fracture has special contents; and because of the special importance of the function that tibia and fibula walk and bear the body weight, it is determined that the tibia and fibula fracture in different stages of recovery requires the use of different rehabilitation methods to promote the fracture, muscle strength, range of motion and gait to recover maximally, then the patient can load and walk with satisfactory rehabilitation, and return to social life as soon as possible. Key words：Tibia and fibula fracture; Conventional care; Rehabilitation training; Specificity 胫腓骨骨折的常规护理 胫腓骨骨折在临床中非常常见，过度使用如运动员、军人等长期训练造成疲劳骨