跨文化交际上课容unit2.doc

(Homework of Unit 1: What are stumbling blocks in intercultural communication? How to overcome these blocks? Unit Two Culture and Communication Warm Up Please read the story on page 38, then answer the questions: Why was Tom considered a rude host by his visitors? How can you explain the fact that Tom is misunderstood when he actually wants to be kind and friendly to the visitors? Reading Read the article of “What Is Culture”. What can you learn about culture from it? Please answer the questions followed? ( Supplement: Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory (p41) What is culture? Origins of culture in English and Chinese “Culture” is a loan word from Latin meaning “cultivating or tilling种田 the land”. It was originally associated with physical activities and production of food. Later, its meaning was extended to include mental, moral, aesthetic美学, educational and intellectual activities. In contemporary English its original meaning is still retained保留. “文化” is a native word本族词 in Chinese. “文” and “化” were used together in the Warring States战国. “人文” in “观乎人文，以化成天下” refers to the interwoven互相编织 relationships between the monarch君主 and his subjects, fathers and sons, husbands and wives, brothers and friends, and “化” means “changing and/or cultivating”. When used together, “文” and “化” mean “以文教化”. They were combined into one word in Han Dynasty, with its meaning contrasted with “nature” on one hand and “primitiveness” 原始and “savage”未开化，野蛮 on the other hand. So “文化” was originally associated with mental activities. Definition The term “culture” does not correspond 一致perfectly with “文化”. For examples:他没有文化(He is illiterate.) “What really binds 捆绑men together is their culture the ideas and the standards they have in common.” — R. Benedict According to The Concise Oxford Dictionary, culture is “the arts and other manifestations 表现of human intellectual achievement regarded collectively”. Defining Culture from the Anthropologic