5Lecture5(LET104)中文总结.ppt

BY DR. OMER MAHFOODH Prepared and presented by Dr. Omer Mahfoodh, PPBLT, USM We lead Intransitive and copular (S-P) Where there is no complementation, the verb is said to be intransitive and the structure is S-P. 那里没有互补，动词被说成是不及和结构为SP。 Some verbs are always intransitive (arrive, snow, blink, vanish). Others represent intransitive uses of basically transitive verbs (eat, drive, read).有些动词总是不及物动词（到达，雪，闪烁，消失）。其他代表基本上及物动词（吃饭，开车，阅读）的不及物的用途。 Copular verbs, a type of intransitive, require a Subject Complement. Only verbs capable of being used as copulas can be used in this way. 系动词，一个类型的不及物动词，需要一个主语补足。能够被用作连接函数仅动词可以以这种方式被使用。 So, for instance, be and feel as in I am cold, I feel cold can be used as copulas in English but touch cannot (*I touch cold).所以，举例来说，可以感觉在我冷，我觉得冷，可作为英语系动词，但触摸不能（*我接触冷）。 We lead The following figure illustrates some sub-patterns of intransitive and copular. 下图说明了不及物动词和系动词的一些子模式。 We lead We lead We lead Summary on intransitive and copular Where there is no complementation the verb is said to be intransitive. The structure is S-P. Some verbs are always intransitive (arrive, snow, blink, vanish). Others represent intransitive uses of basically transitive verbs (eat, drive, read). 那里没有互补动词被认为是不及物动词。该结构是S-P。有些动词总是不及物动词（到达，雪，闪烁，消失）。其他代表基本上及物动词（吃饭，开车，阅读）的不及物的用途。 Some intransitive verbs, particularly those of position (live, lie) or movement (go, walk), usually require a Locative or Goal Complement, respectively.有些不及物动词，特别是那些位置（活，谎言）或运动（走，走），通常需要一个处所或目标补上。 Locative Adjuncts are commonly present but not necessarily required after many verbs such as work, arrive, retire and stop. Locative and other circumstantial information is often pragmatically inferred in discourse. 处所辅助系统通常是存在的，但很多这样的动词后的工作不一定需要，到达，退休和停止。处所等间接信息往往务实推断话语。 We lead The S-P-Cs pattern contains a copular verb that links the subject to a Complement encoding what the subject is or becomes. 在SP-Cs的图案包含一个连系动词链接的受补编码受试者是或变得什么。 The most typical copula is be. Other verbs used as copulas in Eng