海盐气溶胶影响酸碱气体及无机盐气溶胶的敏感性试验.docVIP

海盐气溶胶影响酸碱气体及无机盐气溶胶的敏感性试验* 刘倩** 王体健 李树 江飞 （南京大学大气科学系，南京，210093） 摘要 利用热力学平衡模式ISORROPIA以及与之耦合的气相化学模式，通过两类敏感性试验，探讨了海盐气溶胶、相对湿度、温度对三种无机盐 硫酸盐、硝酸盐、铵盐，包括液态和固态 和三种酸碱气体（氨气、气态硝酸、 氯化氢）浓度的影响，以及不同海盐气溶胶浓度对热力学平衡的影响。试验结果表明，海盐浓度相对较低时，相对湿度达到0.4~0.5以上，温度在-10℃~15℃之间时对各物种的平衡浓度影响比较显著：温度升高抑制硝酸盐、铵盐的生成，同时引起气态硝酸、氨气和氯化氢浓度的增加。而湿度升高时对硝酸盐、铵盐的生成有促进作用，相反造成气态硝酸、氨气和氯化氢浓度的降低。海盐气溶胶、相对湿度、温度的变化对硫酸盐气溶胶没有影响。在热力学平衡中如果考虑海盐气溶胶（主要成分NaCl）的作用会使得硝酸盐气溶胶、氨气浓度增加，而硝酸气体、铵盐气溶胶浓度减小，其中硝酸盐和气态硝酸的改变最为明显。由于海盐气溶胶和硫酸、硝酸的反应，产生了氯化氢气体，造成海盐气溶胶的氯亏损现象。 关键词：海盐 热力学平衡模式 敏感性试验 The sensitivity test of the impacts of Sea Salt aerosol on the acid-base gases and the inorganic salts Liu Qian Wang Tijian Li Shu Jiang Fei （ Department of Atmospheric Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093，China） Abstract By using the thermodynamic equilibrium model ISORROPIA and a gas phase chemistry model, the impacts of Sea Salt aerosol, relative humidity and temperature ___________ 收稿日期： * 基金项目：国家重点基础研究发展项目（2006CB403703, 2006CB403706,2005CB422205）资助。 ** 作者简介：刘倩，女，1983，硕士生，主要从事大气化学与大气环境研究。Email: antmayi@ on the acid-base gases and the inorganic salts are investigated through sensitivity studies, and the impacts of different concentrations of sea salt on the thermodynamic equilibrium are also showed. Test results indicate that: First, the influences of the temperature which is between -10℃~15℃ and the relative humidity which is above 0.4~0.5 on the equilibrium concentration of all the species are notable when the sea salt concentration is relative low. The productions of nitrate aerosol and ammonium aerosol are inhibited by the increasing of the temperature; while as are facilitated by the increasing of the relative humidity. On the contrary the concentrations of the gaseous nitric acid, ammonia and hydrogen chloride are decreased because of the increasing of the temperature, while are increased by the increasing relative humidity. Second, the concentrations of nitrate aerosol, ammonia will increase while the concentrations of ammonium aerosol,