Grammar动词的ing形式作定语表语和宾语补足语.doc

Grammar 动词的-ing形式作定语、表语和宾语补足语 作定语：动词的-ing形式作定语时起下列作用： 说明被修饰名词的功能或用途，这时，一般是单个 v.-ing 而不是短语，放在被修饰的名词前面。可以转换成“for + v.-ing”短语修饰该名词。这时的v.-ing是动名词。 e.g. a sleeping bag a bag for sleeping 睡袋 a reading room a room for reading 阅览室 a drinking cup a cup for drinking 饮用杯 a writing desk a desk for writing 写字台 a washing machine 洗衣机 a swimming pool 游泳池 a dancing hall 舞厅 说明名词的动作、特征、或性质。这时的v.-ing 是现在分词，它与被修饰的名词是逻辑上的主动关系。 单个的现在分词作定语时放在被修饰名词的前面，常可转换成定语从句。 e.g. a sleeping boy a boy who is sleeping a drinking horse a horse which is drinking a moving story a story which moves people a terrifying sound a sound which terrifies people an inspiring leader a leader who inspires people 现在分词短语作定语时要后置，即放在被修饰名词的后面。常可转换成定语从句。 e.g. The girl swimming in the river who is swimming in the river is good at dancing. Do you know the man standing / who is standing at the door The boy studying / who is studying in the classroom is our monitor. ＊’t you see a girl running run towards us? 动词的-ing形式作宾语补足语，主要用于以下两类动词后： 表示感觉和心理状态的动词：see, hear, feel, smell, watch, find, listen to, notice, observe 等。 e.g. When we returned, we found a stranger standing in front of the house. Suddenly we heard someone knocking gently on the window. ＊ e.g. I saw a boy getting on the bus. 表示动作正在进行 I saw a boy get on the bus. （表示动作的完成了） Do you hear someone knocking knock at the door 表示动作正在进行 I heard someone knock at the door three times. 表示完整的动作 表示使意义的使役动词： have, let, keep, get, leave... + sb./sth. + doing sth. e.g. We kept the fire burning all night long. I won’t have you running about in the room. [语法专练] I. 句型转换 1. Do you know the boy who lies under the tree . Do you know the boy lying under the tree? The picture that hangs on the wall is painted by my nephew. . The picture hanging on the wall is painted by my nephew. We can see that steam is rising from the wet clothes. . We can see steam rising from the wet clothes. Not until Jane got off the bus did she find her w