景观规划建筑英语5.ppt

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 1. LANDSCAPE PLANNING Julis Gy. Fabas The entire American populations depends daily on our national landscape for work, for food and for recreation. More than three million acres of land are converted from rural to urban use in United States each year. We build about one and a half million homes and various commercial, industrial, institutional and recreational facilities annually. We dispose millions of tons of waste into the air, water and soil and crisscross the country with roads, railroads, transmission lines and pipelines. With all these activities, we as a nation deeply affect the quality and value of the environment we occupy. 美国所有的人口每天都要依赖于我们的风景来工作、获取食物并进行娱乐活动。 在美国，每年有超过三百万英亩的农业用地转化为城市用地。 每年我们建造大约一百五十多万所住宅以及各种商业、工业、事业和娱乐设施。 我们将成百万吨的垃圾清除到了空气、水体和土壤中，在国土上交错布置了公路、铁路、传输线以及各种管道。 正是因为所有的这些行为，作为一个国家我们深深地影响了我们所占有的这些环境的质量和价值。 The rich bounties of this country as well as its varied and ample landscape can provide a sound and beautiful environment, but only if we extensively apply landscape planning principles. Landscape planning takes place in many ways. Currently, the most widely used application occurs within the realm of project site planning. Increasingly, more developer around the country are employing the services of landscape architects in such endeavors. The results are more attractive, are more environmentally suitable and make more economic sense than those without such planning expertise. 只有广泛地运用景观规划原则，才能使富饶的国土和丰富多样的景观创造出健全优美的环境。 景观规划有多种方式。 目前，运用最广泛的是工程项目中的场地规划。 逐渐地，越来越多的土地开发者请景观设计师来努力实现这个目标。 这样做的结果就是，比起那些没有经过专业设计的景观，这些地方更具吸引力、与环境更和谐，也更经济。 Frederick Law Olmsted, the father of American landscape architecture, was absorbed in all aspect of landscape planning. He was most instrumental in initiating the successful national park movement. He planned the first model community, preserving riverfront for public open space in Riverside, Ill.(1868-70) He also linked three communities in Boston by transforming the Mu