控制氧化沟工艺中的污泥沉降外文翻译三.doc

本科生毕业设计 外文文献翻译 　 Controlling sludge settleability in the oxidation ditch process K.J. Hartley ABSTRACT This paper describes an investigation aimed at developing an operating technique for controlling sludge settleability in the oxidation ditch form of the nitrification denitrification activated sludge process. It was hypothesized that specific sludge volume index (SSVI) is lowest at an optimum process anoxic fraction and increases at higher and lower fractions. Using effluent ammonia:nitrate ratio as a surrogate for anoxic fraction, it was found that a simple empirical model based on a three solids retention time moving average nitrogen ratio was able to replicate the long-term SSVI variations in two independent oxidation ditches at a full-scale plant. Operating data from a second oxidation ditch plant during periods when a prefermenter was on- or off-line showed that SSVI also varies with RBCOD, greater RBCOD giving lower SSVI. It was concluded that best settleability occurs at about the same anoxic fraction as lowest effluent total nitrogen concentration, with an ammonia:nitrate ratio of about 1. An operating rule of thumb is to use dissolved oxygen control to maintain effluent ammonia and nitrate nitrogen concentrations about equal. A third oxidation ditch plant deliberately operated in this manner achieved 15-month median operating values for SSVI of 60 mL/g and for effluent ammonia, nitrate and total N, respectively, of 0.2, 0.3 and 2.0mgN/L. Keywords Settleability ；Sludge volume index；SVI；Control；Nitrogen；Oxidation ditch Introduction The oxidation ditch process has the capability to reliably meet low total nitrogen standards because of its special operating characteristics. Nitrogen removal can be continuously optimized in operation by varying the anoxic and aerobic mass fractions to meet short- and long-term changes in wastewater characteristics (Hartley, 1997; Mines and Woods, 1994). It has also been observed that sludge settleability in oxida