康德自由概念的个层次.doc

????[ê???è??ú]??2003 12 ????[×÷???ò?é]??μ??t?￠(1948?a??),?D,ot??3¤é3è?,??oo′ó?§?ü?§?μ?ìêú,2?ê?éúμ?ê|?￡ ????￠ù?????μμ?êéD?°ù·a?·,à???á?ò?,é?o￡è???3?°?é?1992?ê,μú244ò3?￡?μμ??aà??ù?μμ??°μú?????t?é±3·′?±,°′??′?′aàíD??ú?D?· ?Dμ???áDó|?a?°μúèy???t?é±3·′?±?￡ ????￠ú???a???¤?÷êμ?êé?ó??￡?ù??é?μ?μ??°μúò?í??ˉá|?±μ??ùéèê?·??à??,μ??μμ?è′°??ü·??ú′ú±íàíD??é?ü?§μ??°?yìa?±?Dìá3?à′?￡ ??????μ???ê?à32??á′?1?óúé?μ?′??úμ?3?×?àíóé?é?¤?÷?￡ ?′μ??§±¨(é??á???§°?) 2004?êμú2?ú FUDAN JOURNAL (Social Sciences) No.2??2004 ?¤?μμ?ê?êà?t°ù?ü?ê?í???¤ ?μμ?×?óé????μ?èy??2?′? μ??t?￠ (??oo′ó?§???ü?§?μ,??oo??430072) ????[?a??òa]??????°??μμ?μ?×?óé1???·??a?°?è?éμ?×?óé?±?￠?°êμ?ùμ?×?óé?±oí?°×?óé?D?±èy??2?′??￡(1)?°?è ?éμ?×?óé?±?úàí??àíD??D?aêμ?ùμ?×?óé?¤á?á?ò????é?üμ?×?óéμ??°àí???±;(2)?°êμ?ùμ?×?óé?±,·??a?°ò?°?êμ ?ùàíD??±μ?×?óé?′?°×?óéμ?è?òa?±(der freie Willk¨1r)oí?°′?′aêμ?ùàíD??±μ?×?óé?′?°×?óéòa???±(der freie Wille), á???????óD×?óé±?ì?μ?òaò?(2?′?′aμ??ò′?′aμ?);(3)?°×?óé?D?±,·??aéó?à??éíμ?×?óé?Doíé??áàúê·?Dμ? ?°×?óéè¨?±(????×?óé?￠á￠·¨×?óé?￠2?2úè¨μè),?aá?????±???1é?°·′??μ??D??á|?±μ?·??§,2￠·?è?μ?×?óé±?ì?, μ?è′??ê?è?μ?×?óé±?ì?μ??°?ó?÷?±?ò?°àà±è?±?￡ [1??ü′ê]???μμ????è?é×?óé??êμ?ù×?óé??×?óé?D??×?óéè¨ [?Dí?·?àào?]??B516.31??[???×±êê???]??A??[????±ào?]??0257 0289(2004)02 0024 007 ?μμ??ú??íí?ê??ó?è?μ?ò?·aD??D???μ:?°?òμ?3?·￠μ?2?ê???é?μ?′??ú?￠áé?ê2?Dàμèμèμ??D??,?? ê?′?′aàíD?μ??t?é±3·′:??êà??óDò????a??,êà????óDò????a???ˉ,μèμè?￡?±μ?μú?????t?é±3·′:??è? óD×?óé;ò??°?à·′μ?:??óDè?o?×?óé,?úè???à?,ò??D??ê?×?è?±?è?D??￡?ˉ?yê??a???t?é±3·′,°??ò′ó ?à??μ??????D??D?,ê1?ò×aμ???àíD?±?éíμ??ú?Dé?à′,ò?±???3yàíD???o?ó??ü×?éí???ü?a??1? ê??￡?±￠ù×?óéoí±?è?μ?1??μ?êìaê??μμ?????ò??D?ü?§?êìa?ù?§è?μ?o?D??￡è???,μ?μ×ê2?′ê?×?óé,?ü oí±?è???óDê2?′òaò?é?μ??à1?D?,?aè′ê?3¤?úò?à′?μμ??D??????????·×??μ?ò?????ìa?￡±???ê?í? ???μμ??ùê1ó?μ?×?óé????×÷ò???2?′?é?μ??ù±???·?,ò?±??ò???ü1??ü???úμ?°???μ??a???aò???ìa μ?1??ü?￡×üì?é??′,?μμ?μ?×?óé????·??a?è?éμ?×?óé?￠êμ?ùμ?×?óéoí×?óé?Dèy??2?′??￡ ò??￠?è?éμ?×?óé(die transzendentale Freiheit) ?μμ??ú??′?′aàíD??ú?D?·μ?μúèy???t?é±3·′μ??yì