毕业设计-超声波测距仪1实时显示声光报警设计论文报告.doc

摘 要 机器人通过其感知系统觉察前方障碍物距离和周围环境来实现绕障、自动、测距等功能。超声波测距相对其他测距技术而言成本低廉测量精度较高不受环境的限制应用方便，将它与红外传感器等结合共同实现机器人寻线和绕障功能。STC89C51的超声波测距系统，阐述了超声波测距系统的硬件设计、软件设计及其工作原理。该设计主要由单片机控制模块、数码管显示模块、DS18B20温度补偿模块以及声光报警模块等构成。利用超声波的反射原理，计算超声波在空气中的传播时间的一半再乘以经过温度补偿修正后的速度就可以得出障碍物到传感器之间的距离，并在数码管显示出来。同时，该系统在测量距离小于10cm时能进行声光报警。该系统具有硬件电路简单、成本低、工作可靠、功耗低、体积小、误差小、有良好的测量精度等优点。 目前，超声波清洗技术、雷达技术等在医学、军事上占据着重要地位，因此研究超声波技术具有一定的研究意义。本设计作品基本满足设计的要求，有一定的推广性，同时针对不足，如测量距离过小等，文章在最后提出了一些改进性能的可行性方案。 关键字：单片机；传感器；超声波测距；温度补偿 Abstract robot through its perception system to detect obstacles that in front of the road and the surrounding environment to achieve the distance around the barrier, auto hunt, range and other functions.Ultrasonic Ranging in terms to other ranging technology is low-cost, high accuracy, without environmental constraints, and convenient, it will be combined together with infrared sensors achieve robot hunt around the barrier function. This article describes the ultrasonic ranging system based on STC89C51,which elaborate ultrasonic Ranging System hardware design, software design and its working principle.The design is mainly controlled by the microcontroller module,LED display module, DS18B20 temperature compensation module, as well as sound and light alarm module constitute.Using the principle of reflection of the ultrasonic wave,Calculate the ultrasonic propagation time in the air in half and then multiplied by the speed after the correction of the temperature compensation that can be drawn between the obstacle to the sensor distance,And digital display.Secondly, the sound and light alarm when the system measuring distance less than 10cm .The system has an Advantage of Simple hardware circuit, low cost, reliable, low power consumption, small size, the error is small, have a good measurement accuracy, etc.. At present, the ultrasonic cleaning technology, radar technology in medicine, the military occupies an important position,so the research ultrasound technology has a certain significanc