大学毕业论文—基于单片机的电除尘控制系统的设计.doc

基于单片机的电除尘控制系统的设计 摘 要 随着经济的飞速发展,工业化和现代化进程的不断加快,工业粉尘排量也日益增加,大气污染也变得越来越严重。随着人类环保意识的不断增强,除尘也越来越为人们所重视。电除尘控制器器以除尘效率高、能耗低、占地面积小、可处理大烟气量气体等特点广泛应用于电力、冶金、建材、石油等行业。本文正是在这种背景下设计了以单片机为核心的电除尘控制系统。 由于在过去的电除尘电气控制系统中,是高,低压分开控制系统即细化为高压供电控制和低压控制两个系统,也就是两个独立的子系统。由于高、低压控制系统功能互相独立,互不影响,因此,高、低压系统的构成可根据用户要求灵活调整。但高、低分开控制系统割裂了高低压控制系统之间工作过程中的联系,使得此类系统的性能提高受到约束。所以本文依据电除尘工作原理,提出了一种基于单片机的电除尘高低压一体化控制器。本文完成了对高低压一体化电除尘控制器的硬件和软件的设计、实现过程,并进行了硬件、软件的调试。该控制系统以以8051单片机为核心,对数据采集系统电路、过零检测电路、可控硅触发脉冲电路、火花及闪络检测电路过流检测电路、过零检测电路、振打控制电路等外围电路进行了硬件设计，并对每一部分都做了详细的分析。本控制系统采用自动控制模式，在自动方式下，控制系统通过采集调理电路电流、电压参数值，再结合火花跟踪等控制方法，控制触发脉冲的输出，以调节可控硅的导通角，达到对除尘器电极间电压的调节，从而实现闭环控制。 关键词：电除尘；单片机；数据采The Design of Ash Control System Based on MCU Abstract With the rapid development of economy, industrialization and modernization process accelerating, industrial dust emissions was also increasing, air pollution also becomes more and more serious. As the human unceasing enhancement in environmental consciousness, dusting also for people place more and more attention. The ash controller device to dust removal efficiency, low energy consumption, cover an area of an area small, can handle drag characteristics such as gas gas is widely used in electric power, metallurgy, building materials, oil, etc. This paper is designed in this context of based on singlechip ash control system. Because in the past the ash electric control system, is high, low voltage control system is divided into separate high voltage power supply control and low voltage control two system, is also two separate subsystems. Because of high and low voltage control system function independently, and mutual influence, therefore, high and low voltage system structure can according to customer request flexible adjustments. But high and low separate control system lacerate machine-high-low pressure control system in the process of contact between work made such system performance improve restrained. So based on the working principle, the ash is proposed based on the integratio