本科毕业设计-基于单片机的出租车计价器设计.doc

基于单片机的出租车计价器设计 摘 要 随着出租车行业的发展，出租车已经是城市交通的重要组成部分，从加强行业管理以及减少司机与乘客的纠纷出发，具有良好性能的计价器对出租车司机和乘客来说都是很必要的。而采用模拟电路和数字电路设计的计价器整体电路的规模较大，用到的器件多，造成故障率高，难调试。而采用单片机进行的设计，相对来说功能强大，用较少的硬件和适当的软件相互配合可以很容易地实现设计要求，且灵活性强，而且可以通过软件编程来完成更多的附加功能。本设计采用AT89S52单片机为主控器，以RPR-220光电传感器测距，实现对出租车的多功能的计价设计，并采用AT24C02实现在系统掉电的时候保存单价等信息，通过ISD2560实现语音播报功能，输出采用8段数码管进行显示。本次毕业设计设计的计价器不但能实现基本的计价，而且还能根据白天，黑夜和中途等待来调节单价，同时具有语音播报和数据打印功能。 关键词：出租车计价器；单片机；AT89S52；光电传感器；语音播报 Abstract Along with the development of industry, taxi cab is an important part of urban transportation, strengthen management and reduce from drivers and passengers, the dispute has good performance on the meter taxi drivers and passengers alike is very necessary. While using analog and digital circuit design of the whole circuit meter, use of large scale, high failure than devices, debugging. The design and MCU, relatively powerful functions, use less of the hardware and software of appropriate coordination can be easily realized design requirements, and flexibility, can be accomplished by software programming additional functions. This design USES for the master, AT89S52 SCM in RPR - 220 distance of photoelectric sensor, the valuation of the taxi multifunctional design, and using AT24C02 realization of power system, through such information preservation unit ISD2560 realizing speech function, using digital output for 8 pipe display This circuit design, not only can realize the basic meter, and can according to the valuation, but also according to day and night and wait to adjust the unit half-way, both in voice and data printing. Keywords: The meter taxi, SCM, AT89S52 devices, Photoelectric sensor, Speech 目 录 1绪论 1 1.1出租车计价器概述 1 1.2论文主要工作 1 2系统方案设计 3 2.1设计要求 3 2.2出租车计价器控制方案设计 4 3出租车计价器硬件设计 5 3.1单片机最小系统设计 5 3.2速度及里程检测电路设计 6 3.2.1A44E霍尔传感器检测电路设计 6 3.2.2RPR-220光电传感器检测设计电路 7 3.3AT24C02掉电存储电路设计 8 3.4键盘电路设计 9 3.5数据显示电路设计 9 3.6 8255接口电路设计 11 3.7语音播报系统计 11 3.8票据打印电路设计 12 4软件设计 14 4.1系统主程序 14 4.2定时中断服务程序 15 4.3里程