徐州工程学院机械专业英语范围.docx

名词解释1.alloy 合金2.polymer 聚合物3.cyaniding 氰化4.carbonitriding 碳氮共渗5.allowance 公差6.shear zone 剪切变形区7.fracture toughness 断裂韧性8.chemical mechanical polishing 化学机械抛光9.gas spray 气体喷涂10.electroplating 电镀11.clearance angle 后角12.laser beam machining 激光加工13.dimensioning 尺寸标注14.electro-discharge machining 电火花加工英译汉第一章1. Many metals and alloys have high densities and are used in applications which require a high mass-to-volume ratio. 许多金属和合金具有高密度，因此被用在需要较高质量体积比的场合。2.It is impossible to see through metals, since these valence electrons absorb any photons of light which reach the metal.因为这些价电子吸收到达金属的光子，所以透过金属不可能看得见。3.Fibers are difficult to process into composites, making fiber-reinforced composites relatively expensive.把纤维放入复合材料较困难，这使得制造纤维加强型复合材料相对昂贵。第二章4.It should be remembered that the transitions that have been described by the phase diagrams are for equilibrium conditions, which can be approximated by slow cooling.应该记住由状态图描述的这种转化只适合于通过缓慢冷却的近似平衡条件5.Spheroidizing is the process of producing a structure in which the cementite is in a spheroidal distribution.球化是使渗碳体产生成类似球状分布结构的工艺。6.Liquid nitriding utilizes molten cyanide salts and, as in gas nitriding, the temperature is held below the transformation range. 液体渗氮利用熔化的氰化物盐，就像气体渗氮，温度保持在低于转化范围内。第七章7. Higher the rake angle, better is the cutting and less are the cutting forces, increasing the rake angle reduces the metal backup available at the tool rake face. 前角越大，则切削越好且切削力越小，增加前角可以减少刀具前倾面上产生的金属阻塞。8.Plastic deformation can be caused by yielding, in which case strained layers of material would get displaced over other layers along the slip-planes which coincide with the direction of maximum shear stress.屈服能导致塑性变形，在这种情况下材料变形层沿着与最大剪应力方向一致的滑移面被其它层所取代。9. The continuous chip is characterized by a general flow of the separated metal along the tool face.连续的切屑一般具有分离金属沿刀具面流动的特征。第九章10.Lapping has two main functions. Firstly, it produces a superior surface finish with all machining marks being removed from the surface. Secondly, it is used as a me