课件虚拟语气.ppt

Lecture 16 The Subjunctive Mood Mood The indicative mood陈述语气：陈述事实 e.g. You are very careful. The imperative mood祈使语气：命令，请求 e.g. Be careful. Don’t be careless. The subjunctive mood 虚拟语气：愿望或虚拟的情况 e.g. I wish you were more careful. The Interrogative Mood(疑问语气) e.g. Where are you from? The Interjective Mood(感叹语气) e.g. What a good boy! 本书把虚拟语气称为虚拟式。把虚拟式总结为Be-型虚拟式（Be-Subjunctive Mood）和Were-型虚拟式（Were-Subjunctive Mood）。实际上还应当有对过去的虚拟，即Had形式的虚拟。 Be-型虚拟式（Be-Subjunctive Mood） Be: the base form of the verb. Be代表动词原形，即不管主语是什么人称，动词一律用原形。 如： I/we be I/we do You be you do He be he do 原理解析：用动词原形来表示对将来或无确切时间的泛指行为的虚拟，其行为确定是有可能发生的，但是该行为没有明确的实现时间。 1. In some noun phrase在某些名词从句中 Translate the four sentences. ①他/她们建议他马上出发。 Object Clause They suggested that he (英国常should) start out at once. (Start off/ set out/off be off) ② 有人建议他马上出发。 Subject Clause It is/was suggested that …… ③ 他/她们的建议是他马上出发。 Predicative Clause Their suggestion is/was that …… ④ 他/她们提出建议，他马上出发。 Appositive Clause They made the suggestion that …… ① Object Clause 某些表示建议、命令、要求等的动词后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气。 他/她们建议他马上出发。 They suggested that…… Proposed moved advised recommended 命令 order command direct 要求 ask require request demand insist urge ② Subject Clause 主语从句中的虚拟语气有三种形式。都是以it作为形式主语，that引导主语从句后置。 a. It is/was P.P. + that-clause 有人建议马上动工。 It was suggested that the work (should) be started at once. 提议 proposed 要求 demanded b. It is/was adj. + that-clause 他竟然这样想，真是奇怪。 It is/was quite strange that he (should) think so. 他这样想是很自然的。 It is quite natural that he think so. 他有这种想法…… he have such an idea. 我们说话要有礼貌，这是很重要的。 It is important that we (should) speak politely. c. It is/was n. + that-clause It is a pity that he should miss the golden opportunity.真遗憾他错过了这个大好机会。 It is my proposal that we have a meeting at once. 我提议马上开会。 ③ Predicative Clause 表语从句 当表示“建议”、“命令”、“要求”等的名词用作主语引导一个表语从句时，从句要用虚拟语气。