Retinal Detachment.docx

Retinal Detachment视网膜脱离Caryn Plummer, DVM, DACVO, University of FloridaJANUARY 2016 OPHTHALMOLOGY PEER REVIEWED Retinal detachments (RDs) may develop secondary to a variety of systemic and/or local (ocular) conditions.视网膜脱落(RDs)可能继发于多种系统性和/或局部性(眼部)疾病。Two Types of Retinal DetachmentsComplete: The entire retina becomes detachedPartial: A portion of the retina remains attached in its normal anatomic location while another section has detached视网膜脱落的两种类型完全型：整个视网膜完全脱落部分型：部分视网膜还在正常位置，其他部分脱落In the normal state, the retina sits directly adjacent to the concave contour of the posterior globe to receive oxygen and nutrients from the choroid, with which it is intimately associated. When the retina detaches, it floats anteriorly within the vitreal chamber and is evident as a thin grey veil with visible vasculature (Figures 1 and 2).正常情况下，视网膜位置是在眼球后方的凹痕里，同时从脉络膜那里获得氧气和养分。当视网膜分离时,它漂浮在玻璃体腔的前面，外观为表面可见血管的灰色薄纱（图1和图2）。Figure 1. External photograph of a terrier dog with RD. The retinal vessels are visible even from a distance, indicating that the retina has detached and come anteriorly within the vitreal chamber.图1.视网膜脱落患犬的照片。从远处也能看到视网膜血管,这表明视网膜已经脱落并位于玻璃体腔的前部。Retinal detachment may be unilateral or bilateral. If the cause is related to a systemic condition or a congenital or inherited ocular condition, both eyes are likely to be affected to some degree, although perhaps asymmetrically or sequentially. Local disease, such as unilateral trauma, cataract, or intraocular neoplasia, will typically only result in detachment in the affected eye.视网膜脱落可能是单侧或双侧。如果病因与全身情况或先天性或遗传性的眼部疾病有关,两只眼睛可能在某种程度上都受到影响,尽管可能不对称或先后性的。局部疾病,如单侧外伤、白内障或眼内肿瘤,通常只会导致病眼的视网膜脱落。Figure 2. Bullous RD in cats secondary to systemic hypertension. Note the vessels are in different planes of focus. A focal intraretinal hemorrhage is present (A). Images were obtained without use of an ophthalmoscopy lens.图2.继发于系统性高血压的猫大泡性视网膜脱落。注意不同焦距下平面中的血管。图2A展示了局部性视网膜内出血。以上图像是在未使用检眼镜检查情况下拍摄。Clinical Signs临床症状RD is usually associated with mydrias