免疫与炎症_培训课件.ppt

Mechanisms APC cell MHCII +Ag TCR IL-13 Immediate reaction (15-30 minutes) IgE Fc-receptor increased Ca++ influx amplified and/or modified by platelets, Europhiles and eosinophils. Immediate reaction (15-30 minutes ) Mechanisms Histamine, tryptase, kininogenase. Allergen Classification Allergen Classification Allergen action : Repeated exposure Mφ Can not be activated; T cell Th2 cell Th1-related factors Th1/Th2 shifting ;Th2- related factors Mast cell activation: Causes: Physical injury Chemical substance Endogenous mediator IGE /non- IGE immune effect _ _ IL-4,IL-5,IL-13 Th1/Th2 shifting Basophils were activated and release chemokines to recruit eosinophil to the same local. eosinophil restrict the activity of basophils: produce prostaglandin E synthesis to inhibit the process of basophils release of bioactive substances Eosinophils engulf phagocytosis of particles and emitted from basophils , the biological active substances can not play a role; Eosinophils release histamine enzymes to destruct basophils to release histamine and other active substances. Function of eosinophil It is also known as immediate or anaphylactic hypersensitivity. The reaction may involve skin (urticaria and eczema), eyes (conjunctivitis), nasopharynx (rhinorrhea, rhinitis), bronchopulmonary tissues (asthma) and gastrointestinal tract (gastroenteritis). The reaction may cause from minor inconvenience to death. The reaction takes 15-30 minutes from the time of exposure to the antigen. Sometimes the reaction may have a delayed onset (10 -12 hours). Characteristic : Type I hypersensitivity * Exposure to allergen to which a person is previously sensitized * Allergens: Drugs: penicillin Serum injection : anti-diphtheritic or ant-tetanic serum anesthesia insect venom * Clinical picture: Shock respiratory distress cyanosis edema urticaria Methods of diagnosis： 1) History taking for determining the all