Unit 7 被动语态.ppt

?Electricity is used to run machines. (电用于驱动机器。)含有情态动词的谓语变成被动语态时，用“情态动词（can, may, must）+be +过去分词构成。 例如： This machine must be operated with care. 这台机器必须小心操作。 含有 “be going to” “be to” 等结构的谓语，变成被动语态时，分别用“be going +to be +过去分词 “和 “be +to+过去分词“构成。 例如： The problem is going to be discussed at the meeting. The meeting is to be held on the 10th of October. 被动语态与基本句型 （Passive-Voice---Basic Patterns） 主+动（SV) He studies very hard. 主+动+表 (SVP) He is a student. 主+动+宾 (SVO) He studies English. 主+动+宾+补 (SVOC) His father will make him a doctor. 主+动+间宾+直宾 (SVOiOd) He gave me some book. 主语+动词+宾语 People grow rice in the south. （主动） 在南方人们种植水稻。 Rice is grown in the south. （被动） 水稻在南方种植。 主语+动词+宾语+宾补 1）They elected him chairman of the club. 他们选举他为这个俱乐部的主席。 He was elected chairman of the club. 他被选为这个俱乐部的主席。 The teacher asked the students to write a composition. The students were asked to write a composition. Tom painted the door blue. The door was painted blue by Tom. [注] 如果主动句子中的宾补是不带to的不定式，当句子变成被动语态时作为主补的不定式则应该加上to例如： The manager made his secretary work overtime. 经理迫使他的秘书加班加点。 The secretary was made to work overtime. 这个秘书被迫使加班加点。 主语+动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 该句型有两种被动语态形式，即：间接宾语和直接宾语均可成为被动句的主语。 例如： Father will give her and expensive present. (Active voice) She will be given and expensive present. (by her father) An expensive present will be given (to) her (by her father) [注] 及物的短语动词也可使用被动语态，但是要防止遗漏与动词连用的介词或副词。 例如： a. John turned on the radio.The radio was turned on by John. Grandma takes care of my sister. My sister is taken care of by Grandma. 有些动词虽然是及物的，但是由于表示的是状态或关系，通常不用于被动语态，常见的这部分动词有：cost, fit, have, hold, lack, last, own, possess, resemble, suit例如： The boy resembles his father.不可以说成：His father is resembled by the boy. 有少数短语动词如：be taken in （上当，受骗）,be supposed to do something (应该，被期望)，be intended for something (somebody)/to do something(旨在，用于)，通常只用于被动语态。 例如： If you trust him, you will certainly be taken in. 如果你相信她，你肯定会上当的。 我们应该七点在大门口见面。 We are supposed to meet at the gate at