八下一单元语知识点总结.doc

U1 Will people have robots? 语法小结： 一、一般将来时 1．用be doing表示将来,：主要意义是表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作。它常表最近或较近的将来，所用动词多是转移动词。如go，come，leave，arrive，move等 　　(1) I’m going. 我要走了。 (2) When are you starting? 你什么时候动身？ 表将来的现在进行时除用于转移动词外，亦可用于某些非转移动词。如： 　　(1) I’m meeting you after class. 课后我找你。 　　(2) What are you doing next Sunday? 下星期你打算干什么？ 2．用be going to do表示将来：一是表示“意图”，即打算在最近的将来或将来进行某事。 e.g.: Are you going to post that letter? How long is he going to stay here? 另一意义是表示“预见”，即现在已有迹象表明将要发生或即将发生某种情况。 e.g.: It’s going to rain. 基本结构： 　　 　She will come to have class tomorrow. Will she come to have class tomorrow? 　　 　She won’t come to have class tomorrow.What will she do tomorrow? 二、There be结构 1. there　be　结构中的be是可以运用各种时态的。 e.g.: There is going to be a meeting tonight.　 今晚有个会议。 　　There was a knock at the door.　有人敲门。 　　There has been a girl waiting for you.　有个女孩一直在等你。 　　There will be rain soon.　不久天就要下雨了。 2. 动词be单复数形式要根据就近一致原则来变换be的单复数形式。 e.g.: There is a book on the desk. 课桌上有一本书。 　 How many people are there in the city?　 这个城市里有多少人口？ 　　There is a pen and two books on the desk.　课桌上有一个钢笔和两本书。 　　There are two books and a pen on the desk.　课桌上有两本书和一个钢笔。 三、单词重点解析 1. everything 每件事情 谓语用is .Everying is OK.部分否定：Not everything is OK. 比较： something,anything,nothing （1）后面接形容词 I have something important to tell you. There`s nothing interesting in the newspaper. （2）something 用于肯定句，用于疑问句是表示征询意见。表示请求或建议的疑问句，如 would you like something to eat?can you give me something to drink? Anything用于否定句和疑问句。 Is there anything in that box? 可以用于肯定句中，无论什么： I want something to eat,anything will do. nothing：（后接形容词、不定式等）没什么；没什么东西；无物： There`s nothing interesting in the newspaper. 报纸上没有什么有趣的新闻。 He`s had nothing to eat.他还没有定下吃。 2. Paper 如果表示“纸张”，是不可数名词 如果要表示数量，需要搭配量词，如 two pieces of paper，其复数体现在量词上 3.Few,a few 比较近fewer,最高级fewest He has a few friends there. The lake is not near,so there’s ___few_ people going swimming there. few+ 可数名词.极少,几乎没有a few 一点,一些,几个+ 可数名词 litter,a litter比较级是less 最高级是least little + 不