电子信息工程专业英语课文翻译(第3版)..docVIP

电子信息工程专业英语教程第三版 译者：唐亦林 p32 In 1945 H. W. Bode presented a system for analyzing the stability of feedback systems by using graphical methods. Until this time, feedback analysis was done by multiplication and division, so calculation of transfer functions was a time consuming and laborious task. Remember, engineers did not have calculators or computers until the 70s. Bode presented a log technique that transformed the intensely mathematical process of calculating a feedback systems stability into graphical analysis that was simple and perceptive. Feedback system design was still complicated, but it no longer was an art dominated by a few electrical engineers kept in a small dark room. Any electrical engineer could use Bodes methods find the stability of a feedback circuit, so the application of feedback to machines began to grow. There really wasnt much call for electronic feedback design until computers and transducers become of age. 1945年HW伯德提出了一套系统方法，用图形化方法来分析反馈系统的稳定性。在此之前，反馈分析是通过乘法和除法完成的，所以传递函数的计算是一项费时和费力的任务。请记得工程师们在上个世纪70年代之前是没有计算机或者计算器的。伯德提出了一种日志技术，这种技术将计算反馈系统稳定性这种复杂的数学过程转换为简单和直观的图像分析。反馈系统的设计虽然还是很复杂，但它不再是几个电气工程师待在一个小黑屋里的艺术了。任何电气工程师都可以使用伯德的方法找到一个反馈电路的稳定点，因此反馈电路在机器中的应用开始增加。直到计算机和传感器的时代到来之前，反馈电路的设计真的没有太多的要求。 p36 An integrator(Figure 5.1a) is the simplest filter mathematically, and it forms the building block for most modern integrated filters. Consider what we know intuitively about an integrator. If you apply a DC signal at the input (i.e. , zero frequency), the output will describe a linear ramp that grows in amplitude until limited by the power supplies. Ignoring that limitation, the response of an integrator at zero frequency is infinite, which means that it has a pole at zero frequency. (A pole exists at any frequency for which the transfer function’s value becomes infinite.) 从数学公式上讲，积分器（见图2.1a）是最简单的滤波器；它是构成大多数现代集成滤波器的基本模块。我们怎么从直观上理解积分器呢？假设在输入端加上一个直流信号（频率为0），那么在输出端将会出现一个线性斜坡信号,其幅度一直增至电源电压。如果不考虑电源电压对输出信号的限制，积分器在零频率上的响应将是无穷大，这意味着它在零频率点上存在一个极点（在任何使传递函数为无穷大值的频率点