整理-情态动词分解.ppt

情态动词 一、特征 1)?????情态动词本身有词义,表示说话人的语气或情态,但词义不完全,不能单独作谓语动 词,只能和不带to的动词不定式(即动词原型)(ought等除外)一起构成谓语动词. 2)?????情态动词所表示的情态有: 命令、允许、请求、拒绝、愿望、愿意、义务、必要、可能、敢于、需要等. * 二、形式变化 1) 情态动词没有人称和数的变化, 第三人称单数 的现在时也无变化. 2) 有些情态动词有过去式, 有的过去式和它的原型相同. a. 有过去式的有: can — could may — might will — would shall — should dare — dared need — needed have to — had to b. 过去式不变的有: must — must (或had to) ought to — ought to 三、否定式 shall not — shan’t will not — won’t can not — can’t must not — mustn’t should not — shouldn’t ought not to would not — wouldn’t could not — couldn’t dare not — daren’t need not — needn’t 一、几个否定式的含义: Can’t May not Mustn’t Needn’t Daren’t 二、几个委婉请求的答语: 1. Could you lend me your pen? Yes, I _____. 2. Might I ask you a question? Yes, you _____. 3. Would you do me a favor? Of course, I ____. 不能; 不会; 不可能 可能不 不许; 不该; 不可以 不必 不敢 can may will 三、几个一般疑问句的答语: 1. May I come in? Yes, you _____. (No, you ____.) 2. Must I do it now? Yes, you ____. (No, you ___.) 3. Need I type this letter now? Yes, you ______. (No, you ______.) may can’t/mustn’t must needn’t must /have to needn’t 四、can 和 be able to: *情态动词里能用来表示”能力”的只有______ (现在)和______ (过去); *________ 用来表示这一含义时可用各种时态; *be able to用于过去时有特定的含义, 相当于 ________ to do sth或__________ in doing sth; 1. A blind man ______ judge colors. 2. He __________ swim like a fish when he was young. 3. Finally he ________ marry the girl he loved. can could be able to managed succeeded can’t/isn’t able to could/was able to was able to 五、will的几个值得注意的用法: 1. My grandpa is over 80, and he will sit at the table looking at the old pictures for hours. 2. Mom, I’m trying hard but the window won’t open. Can you come and have a look? 常用于肯定式，表示“习惯、倾向性等”，意为“老是…，总是…” 常用于否定式，表示“功能丧失”，意为“可能因为出毛病而无法…” 如：My car won’t start. 六、would是情态动词