SCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGYPOLICY-THEROLEOFST.ppt

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY- THE ROLE OF ST INDICATORS Nabiel Saleh National Research Centre Cairo – Egypt Cairo – Egypt 28-30 September 2009 SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY- THE ROLE OF ST INDICATORS CONTENTS I- GLOBAL BACKGROUND II- SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY (STP) III- SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY INDICATORS (STI) IV- STI: SETTING PRIORITIES V- CATEGORISATION OF INDICATORS USED FOR EU POLICY VI- CONCLUSIONS I. GLOBAL BACKGROUND ????One of the main causes of the rapid, profound and generalized changes that humanity has experienced in the last three decades is the closer and organic relationship between scientific development, technological improvements and their application in the production, distribution and consumption of goods and services. I. GLOBAL BACKGROUND ??? In the world economy there is a globalization of markets, characterized by an increasing competition which leads to look for new technologies based on scientific knowledge.  The incorporation of these technologies to the production system allows to reduce costs, improve quality, save energy and scarce raw materials as well as to increase the productivity of the labour force. I. GLOBAL BACKGROUND ????In the last decade the international economy has experienced structural changes derived from, inter alia, strong waves of technological innovation as well as organizational and institutional changes.  The most dynamic sectors of economy are not the traditional ones any more (steel, cement, basic chemistry etc.), but the high-technology ones (knowledge intensive). The current processes of industrial restructuring and of changes in technological patterns revolve around the information industries (microelectronics and telecommunications), and increasingly, biotechnology. II. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY (STP) General 1.???It is evident that such features impose the need to formulate Science, Tec