英汉对比1课堂.ppt

Comparative Studies of English and Chinese in Translation 1.?? Synthetic vs. Analytic (综合性语与分析性语) ? 2.??Rigid vs. Supple （刚性与柔性） ? 3. Hypotactic vs. Paratactic （形合与意合） 4.? Complex vs. Simplex （繁复与简单） ? 5. Impersonal vs. Personal （物称与人称） ? 6.???? Passive vs. Active （被动与主动） ? 7.?? Static vs. Dynamic （静态与动态） ? 8.?? Abstract vs. Concrete （抽象与具体） ? 9.?? Indirect vs. Direct （间接与直接） ? 10.??Substitute vs. Repetitive（替换与重复） Synthetic vs. Analytic (综合性语与分析性语) synthetic 1、Inflectional vs. Non-inflectional 2、Word Order: Flexible vs. Inflexible 3、The Use of Function Words: English and Chinese Employ Different Types of Function Words Analytic An analytic language is characterized by a relatively frequent use of function words, auxiliary verbs, and changes in word order to express syntactic relations, rather than of inflected forms. 1. He moved astonishingly fast. He moved with astonishing rapidity. His movements are astonishingly rapid. His movements astonished us by their rapidity. 2. Category 2 contains only four items, and I shall say no more about them except that, since they are under consideration, we should not let the grass grow under feet, but attempt, as early as possible, to arrive at a common understanding in the interest of humanity. 3. He took a chair. He took the chair today. He took the chair of the committee. 2.???Rigid vs. Supple （刚性与柔性） 文章翻译完了。（受事主语） 全市到处在兴建新工厂。 （地点主语） 现在正下着毛毛细雨。 （时间主语） 晒太阳 晒衣服 救火 救国 文章翻译完了。（受事主语） The essay has been translated. 全市到处在兴建新工厂。 （地点主语） New factories are being built all over the city. 现在正下着毛毛细雨。 （时间主语） It is drizzling now. 晒太阳 to bask in the sun sunbathe 晒衣服 to sun one’s clothes dry the clothe 救火 to fight a fire 救国 to save the nation 接着，他继续设想，鸡又生鸡，用鸡卖钱，钱买母牛，母牛繁殖，卖牛得钱，用钱放债，这么一连串的发财计划，当然也不能算是生产的计划。（马南：《燕山夜话》） He went on indulging in wishful thinking: chickens would breed more chickens; selling them would bri