Grammar_1812.ppt

Module 5 The Great Sports Personality Grammar 状语从句 状语从句可以表示时间、地点、原因、结果、目的、方式、条件、让步等意义。本模块我们主要来了解时间、条件和让步状语从句。 时间状语从句 常见的连词有when, while, as, before, after, until/till, since, no sooner…than, hardly …when等。如： In fact, most gymnasts start with simple exercises while they are still at kindergarten. No sooner had the man gone to sleep than his wife came home. 注意：no sooner、hardly 位于句首时，主句要倒装。 2. 某些表示时间的名词短语也可以引导时间状语从句。如：the + moment, minute “一……就……”；the + 序数词 + time “第……次的时候”；the last / next time上次 / 下次”；every time “每次”。如： The last time I saw him, he was in hospital. He helps me out every time I am in trouble. 条件状语从句 条件状语从句常见的关联词有 if, unless, once，on condition that, as (so) long as等。 ① if, unless if引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”；unless表示反面的条件，意为“除非，如果不 (= if … not)”。如： If you don’t obey the rules, you’ll be punished. = Unless you obey the rules, you’ll be punished. ② once “一旦”，强调的是条件。如： Once you show any sign of fear, he will attack you. ③ on condition that “条件是”，是复合连词，暗示某种特定的条件。如： You may borrow the book, on condition that you do not lend it to anyone else. ④ as (so) long as“只要”，强调主句所述的情况和从句所述的情况同时并存，前者比后者更常用。如： As (So) long as we don’t lose heart, we’ll find a way to overcome the difficulty. 让步状语从句 常见的连接词有though/although, even if/though, no matter +疑问词，疑问词+ ever等。如： Although it was only nine o’clock, there were few people in the street. ①“表语 + as +主语+系动词”结构，也可表示让步。如果主语是代词，则应放在系动词前。如果主语是名词，则主谓要倒装。如： Clever as he is, he can’t make achievements without hard work. Difficult as was the work, they finished it in time. ②“no matter +疑问词”可以用“疑问词+ ever”代替。如： Whatever happens (No matter what happens), we shall not lose our hope. 时间、条件、让步状语从句中的省略 在时间、条件让步状语从句中，如果主从句的主语一致，从句中谓语动词包含be或主语是it，常省略跟主句相同的主语或be动词或者it和be动词。如： When (I am) in trouble, I always turn to her for help. If necessary, ring me at home. Choose the best words to complete the sentences. 1. _____ you arrive early, youll get a good seat. (a) Although (b) If (c) However 2. I will not play golf on Saturday ____ t