课件_372091.ppt

* 德兴一中 曾兴艾 英语句子有长在短，有简有繁，从现象看，似乎千变万化，难以捉摸，但从实质看，可以发现其内在联系，找出其共同规律。英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。 英语五种基本句型列式如下： 基本句型一： Ｓ +Ｖ （主＋谓） 基本句型二：Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｏ （主＋谓＋宾） 基本句型三：Ｓ +Ｖ +IO +Ｏ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾） 基本句型四： Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｐ （主＋系＋表） 基本句型五： Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｏ +Ｃ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补） 基本句型 一 Ｓ +Ｖ（主＋谓） 此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。 1.主语+不及物动词 The sun is rising. It’s snowing. Can you read? 2.主语+不及物动词+状语 Did you sleep well? She often dreams. You go first and I will follow behind. 3. 主语+不及物动词+副词(构成成语动词) The engine broke down. How did the accident come about? The bomb blew up. 4.主语+不及物动词(有被动意思) Is the book selling well? Does this cloth wash well? 基本句型 二 Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｏ（主＋谓＋宾） 此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。 1.主语+及物动词+名词(代词) Do you know these them? He loved ice-cream. What did he say? 2. 主语+及物动词+反身代词 Now I will introduce myself. They blamed themselves for the accident. 3.主语+及物动词+同源宾语 He smiled a strange smile. As he slept, he dreamed a dream. 4.主语+成语动词+宾语 He handed in his homework this morning. They are looked down by everyone. 5. 主语+及物动词+不定式(做宾语) We can’t afford to pay such a price. You must try to improve. He forgot which way to go. 6.主语+及物动词+动名词(做宾语) Would you mind waiting for a few minutes? I prefer standing. I propose resting for half an hour. 7.主语+及物动词+从句 (做宾语) He claimed that he saw the accident. I suggested (that) we (should) leave early. Do you see why I did it? Can you tell which is which? She asked if she might call and see me. 基本句型 三 Ｓ +Ｖ +IO +Ｏ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾） 此句型的句子有一个共同特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。 通常这一间接承受者用一个介词来连接，当动作的间接承受者在动作的直接承受者之前时，这一介词往往被省略。 1.主语+双宾动词+名词/代词+名词 She give me her telephone number. (to) I’ll make you some fresh tea. (for) They forgave him his crimes. 2.主语+双宾动词+名词/代词+从句 I have warned him that it is not allowed. She showed me where her leg hurt. Tell me whatever you know about it. 基本句型