《中国北方园林.pptVIP

北方园林 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 北方园林又称皇家园林。中国最早出现的园林是北方的皇家园林，以帝王宫苑为代表，大多根据自然山水改造而成，规模宏大，气势雄伟平面布局较为严整，建筑壮丽豪华，色彩鲜艳强烈，风格上显得雍容华贵。主要代表有颐和园、圆明园、北海公园、承德避暑山庄等。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 颐和园 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 北海公园 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 承德避暑山庄 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 北方园林的特点 一、北方园林的布局特点 二、北方园林的自然特点 三、北方园林构筑物的特点 四、北方园林植物配置的特点 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 北方园林的布局特点主要表现于前朝后寝、轴线对称、一池三山、仿景缩景、障景漏景等方面。从内容的布局特点上看，主要表现为儒道佛三家对园林的渗透。 布局特点 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 前朝后寝 前朝后寝，指园林的后园式布局，与日本园林、岭南园林不同。前朝后寝在园林中主要表现为两方面，一是园与宅关系上，园林居于宫殿、住宅的后部或侧位，如故宫的御花园、景山、宁寿宫花园（乾隆花园）、慈宁宫花园都是在后部。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 二是园内游与居关系上，居在前、游在后，如避暑山庄的宫殿区在南面入口处，颐和园的宫殿区在东面入口处。此等布局直接受儒家先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐的观点一致。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 避暑山庄 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 轴线对称 轴线对称，是北方园林最明显的特点。园林的轴线与宫殿和住宅的轴线一致，成为宅区轴线的延伸。中轴线上置最重要的大门、厅堂、宫殿、甬道、水池，无论大小园林都是如此，其中以颐和园轴线最为壮观。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 既有轴线，就