A-0---水文水动力基本原理.pptx

Fundamentals and Theory of Hydraulic Modelling水力模型的基本原理和理论Juan Gutierrez (古霆欢)窦秋萍Why do we need drainage studies?What is a model?What is a model?Fit for purpose!!!Why doing modelling?Traditional methods: Rational methodQupQrpVuVrCatchment outfallDisadvantages!!!Page Insert footer for all slides with Insert - Header FooterRational MethodRational Method – Example推理法-示例 Q = 4.5 m3/sCatchment area = 30 Hectares汇水区面积=30公顷Rainfall intensity = 60 mm/hr降雨强度=60mm/hLanduse = medium density residential area（C = 0.9）土地利用=中密度住宅区域（C=0.9）Q = C i A peak flow only ! 峰值流量Why doing modelling?: Analysis of different scenariosWhy doing modelling?The records also mostly refers to measurements taken in ONE point Why doing modelling?Concepts and Principles of Hydrology水力学概念和原则Hydrological Cycle水循环The general concept of the hydrological cycle水循环的一般概念 水文循环是个封闭的循环系统，无论水以什么样形式存在，都仍然在该系统中。整个水文循环系统在太阳辐射的驱动力下进行。该循环由以下子系统组成： 大气循环 地表径流 (iii) 地下循环The hydrological cycle is a closed system in that water circulation in the system remains within the system. The whole cycle is driven by the excess of incoming solar radiation over outgoing radiation. The cycle consists of these subsystems:(i) atmospheric,(ii) surface runoff,(iii) sub-surface ICM包括的最基本的计算引擎包括Hydrological Hydraulic Models水文水力模型The catchment outletSubcatchment汇水区汇水区排放口水文模型Rainfall-Runoff Models降雨径流模型Some Rainfall-Runoff Models一些降雨径流模型Some Rainfall-Runoff Models一些降雨径流模型Excess rainfall净雨量RainfallLosses;损失：To evapo-transpiration蒸发To groundwater补充地下水Peak 峰值Rising Limb涨水段Falling limb退水段DischargeSurfaceRunoff径流Baseflow基流Hydrology水文Page Hydrology水文Rational Method推理法Rational Method – Example推理法-示例 Q = 4.5 m3/sCatchment area = 30 Hectares汇水区面积=30公顷Rainfall intensity = 60 mm/hr降雨强度=60mm/hLanduse = medium density residential area（C = 0.9）土地利用=中密度住宅区域（C=0.9）Q = C i A peak flow only ! 峰值流量Rainfall-Runoff Models降雨径流模型SCS Curve NumberSCS曲线数CNSource : A Guide to Hydrologic Analysis Using SCS Methods, by Richard H. McCuenTime-Area Method时间-面积法汇水区等时线