《商业英语入门chapter3.ppt

Business English Production Quality Management Learning Objectives Define production, manufacturing and operations. Describe production processes Explain planning operations Discuss controlling operations Summarize modern production issues and techniques Question How do you make dumpling? Can you describe the whole process-how to prepare, what ingredients are needed, how to make them the final products? Comparing 3 Definitions Production Operation Production—the process of transforming inputs (raw materials) into outputs (goods services) tangible goods (recognizable physical products) intangible service (hospital, airline etc.) Production Operation Manufacturing—one part of production tangible goods by hand or with machinery Production Operation Operations—the functions needed to keep the company producing, literally any function or series of functions enacted to carry out a strategic plant. Purchasing materials management Production inventory and quality control maintenance and manufacturing engineering plant management The Nature of Production Process Plant Location Customer location Source of raw materials Labor supply Power and water Community consideration Take Tianjin Univ. as an example, please identify what are the inputs, transformation process and outputs? Inputs Professors Books Academic journals Audiovisual materials Computers Classrooms Transformation Process Outputs To transform “unenlightened” students into educated and skilled individuals. Operations Management Planning Operations Capacity planning Facilities location planning Process planning Facilities layout planning Aggregate plan Master scheduling Material requirements planning (MRP) Capacity planning Facilities Location Planning Where you choose to locate will depend on which factors have the greatest impact on total production and distribution costs. Factors influencing plant location proximity to customers (perishable, heavy or bulky items) proximity to suppliers (peri