《英语句子的基本结.ppt

英语句子的基本结构 1.简单句的五种基本句型（Sentence Patterns) 1) 主+动（S+V) 例如： He works very hard. 2) 主+动+宾（S+V+O)例如： We study English. 3) 主+动+表（S+V+P/ S+L+P/ S+L+C)例如： He is an artist. 4) 主+动+宾+补（S+V+O+C)例如： His father will make him a doctor. 5) 主+动+间接宾语+直接宾语（S+V+Oi+Od)例如： He gave me some books. 注意： ①基本句型 “主+系动词+表语”中的系动词 系动词可分为： 1）? 表示存在某种特征或状态。例如： be, feel, appear, look, seem, smell, taste, sound Some people seem to think that sports and games are unimportant things. She appeared quite moved at the words Do you know why she looks worried? The music sounds sweet. If the sky appears blue to us on earth, it is because the earth’s atmosphere scatters a certain number of blue rays of sunlight. 如果说我们从地面上来看天空是蔚蓝的，　那是因为地球上的大气散射了日光中一定量的蓝色光的缘故。 2) 表示某种状态的持续。例如： remain, keep, stay, continue, stand, lie. rest The weather continued calm. She lies sleeping. The book lies open on the desk. She rests satisfied. He stood a giant among them. 他是他们中特出的人才。 A number of problems remain to be solved. “Keep quiet! Don’t talk!” He stayed single in all his life. She stands high in the public estimation. 3) 表示由一种状态变成另一种状态。例如： become, get, turn, go, run, fall, come, grow, make The river is running dry. This student will make a good teacher. I have run short of money. Supplies are running short He has turned Christian. 他已成为基督徒。 Your dream will one day come true. My brother became a teacher. You will soon get used to the climate here. My hair has turned gray. Fish soon goes bad in hot weather. My mother has fallen ill. It began to grow dark. ②基本句型“主+动词+宾语+补语”的宾补 可以用作宾补的词有名词、形容词、不等式、动名词、分词、介词短语等。 1）? 名词(能这样用的动词有 name, call, make, elect, choose, crowd, think, consider, appoint…) They named the child Jimmy. They elected him king. The people crowded Richard king. 人民拥戴李查为王。 They chose Mr. Smith chairman. They made Newton President of the Royal Society.他们举牛顿为皇家学会主席。 They called them cowards. 他们呼他们为懦夫。 People think him a good leader. They appointed White manager. 2) 形容词 （能这样用的动词有 make,