【走向高考】2017年高考英语一轮复习第一部分基础知识聚焦专题突破解题策略4阅读理解之推理判断题要素.ppt

推理判断题是阅读理解中层次较高、难度较大的题目。在一篇阅读理解中一般有1～3道该类题目，2015年各考区考查推理判断的题目约占阅读理解题目总数的30%左右。该类题要求考生在理解表面文字的基础上根据文章提供的事实和线索通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓意等，从而得出文章中隐含的深层意思，也就是通过文章中的文字信息、上下文逻辑关系等已知信息，推断出作者没有提到的或者明说的事实或情感，或者可能发生的事。做推理判断题要以文中的信息为依据，既不能作出在原文中找不到依据的推理，也不能过度推理。同时，考生应多了解国外文化与习俗，这有助于理解文章。 1.细节推断题的判断方法 抓住特定信息进行逆向或正向推理。做此类试题要抓住相关内容的关键信息(即某些关键词或词语)去分析、判断，利用逆向思维或正向推理，从而推断出该信息所隐含的深层含义。只有正确把握文章的内在联系，理解文章的真正含义，才能作出准确的推断。 [典例1]　(2015·陕西高考·B) ... For the next two weeks, the Holdens were heartbroken. Then, one day, the phone rang and Steve Tregear, the coastguard of Cornwall, asked Holder if he would like his dog back. A birdwatcher, armed with a telescope, found the pet sitting desperately on a rock. While he sounded the alarm, a student from Leeds climbed down the cliff to collect Judy. The dog had initially been knocked unconscious(失去知觉的)but had survived by drinking water from a fresh scream at the base of the cliff. She may have fed on the body of a sheep which had also fallen over the edge. “The dog was very thin and hungry，” Steve Tregear said. “It was a very lucky dog. She survived because of a plentiful supply of fresh water，” he added. 52．What can we infer from the text? A．People like to travel with their pets. B．Judy was taken to the fields for hunting. C．Luck plays a vital role in Judys survival. D．Holden cared little where Judy was buried. [解析]　C　文章介绍是叫Judy的狗在追赶一只羊的时候，从悬崖上掉下来。主人努力寻找几个小时无果，以为它已经死去就放弃了，结果几天后，意外得到消息，狗还活着。真是很幸运的事情。 根据文章最后一段的句子：It was a very lucky dog. She survived because of a plentiful supply of fresh water.可知在Judy的事故中运气起着至关重要的作用。故选C。 [典例2]　(2015·天津高考C) ... I never told my mother about my “miraculous” (奇迹般地) experience that summer, but she saw a slow but remarkable improvement in my classroom performance during the next year. And years later, she was proud that her son had read thousands of books, was awarded a PhD in literature, and authored his own books, articles, poetry and fiction. The power of the words has held. 49．What can be inferred from the las