基于球面全景图的三维实景制作.doc

基于球面全景图的三维实景制作 摘要：三维实景也叫虚拟现实（Virtual Reality）全景，是基于序列图片的数字三维全景技术。它使用专门的鱼眼镜头拍摄序列真实图片，经过拼接融合生成球面全景图。本文结合三维全景制作相关流程，探讨了与之相关的理论与关键技术，形成了一整套全景影像获取、拼接、发布技术流程,最后与**大学档案馆的数字化建设相结合，介绍了三维全景系统的关键制作步骤。 关键词：虚拟现实 图像拼接 图像融合 球面全景图 Abstract: Three-dimensional virtual reality is also called the Virtual Reality, it’s a digital three-dimensional panoramic technology based on sequence images. It uses specialized fish-eye lens to shoot sequences of real pictures, through the fusion splicing generates a spherical panorama. In this paper, based on three-dimensional panoramic production related processes discussed the associated theories and key technologies, formed a complete set of panoramic imaging gets, splicing, publication technology process, finally combined with the digital construction of ** University Archives,?introduced the key?steps in the production of?three-dimensional?panorama system. Keywords: Virtual reality Image stitching Image matching Spherical Panoramic Image 1 引言 广义上的全景就是视角范围超过人的正常视角的图像，本文我们说的全景特指水平视角360°，垂直视角180°的图像。360°全景最大的三个特点是： 1、全：全方位，用户可观看左右 360°，上下180°球型范围内的所有景致； 2、景：实景，在现场采集的一系列照片基础上经过拼接合成得到的最大限度的保留了场景真实性的全景照片；  3、360°：360°环视的效果，虽然照片都是平面的，但是通过软件处理之后得到的360°实景，却能给人以三维立体的空间感觉，使观者犹如身在其中。 由于它给人们带来全新的真实现场感和交互式的感受，故可广泛应用于三维电子商务，如在线的房地产楼盘展示、虚拟旅游、虚拟教育、医疗、航空等领域。在地质勘测、军事侦察、医学微创手术、航空航天以及视频会议等多个领域都发挥着重要作用。 1 Introduction Panorama in a broad sense is the image’ perspective beyond the normal , panoramic of this article we say especially a horizontal angle of 360 °, 180 ° vertical perspective image. Three largest features of the 360 ° panorama are: 1. Entire: Omni-directional, users can watch around 360 °, 180 ° spherical range up and down all of the landscape; 2. Scenery: Outdoor scene, panorama based?on?a series of photos?collected?and through?the mosaic?synthesis?has retained?the authenticity of the scene; 3. 360?3 The effect of 360 ° look around, although the pictures are flat, but the 360 ° virtual when processed through the software will bring a per