【徐州朗阁雅思英语】托福独立写作文章结构及论证方式(下).doc

托福独立写作文章结构及论证方式（下） 朗阁海外考试研究中心 唐艳 在结构书写正确的情况下，论证就是我们接下来要关注的问题，解决这个问题的关键，我们首先要了解独立作文的问题类型。 1. 二选一题型 具体可以看下面呈现的题目： Some students prefer to have their final grades determined by numerous small assignments, whereas others prefer to have their final grades determined by only a few large assignments. Which do you prefer and why? 2. 概念判断 (1) Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Teaching is harder than it was in the past. (2) Workers would be much happier if they are doing different types of tasks during their workday than doing the same task. (3) It is better that Universities and colleges are now offering qualifications through distance learning from the Internet rather than teachers in the classroom. 而论证方式的选择取决于题型分类，鉴于以上的考题，朗阁海外考试研究中心的专家给考生们进行了规整： 1. 实例论证并结合时间对比论证 Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Teaching is harder than it was in the past. 理由是题目中含有明确的现在is harder和过去的时间in the past。 2. 实例论证和不同对象对比论证的结合 Some students prefer to have their final grades determined by numerous small assignments, whereas others prefer to have their final grades determined by only a few large assignments. Which do you prefer and why? Workers would be much happier if they are doing different types of tasks during their workday than doing the same task. 在这两个题目中，都存在两个不同的对象，让我们做出明确的态度。那么考生们在选择其中一个对象后，为了很好的论证，就要进行不同对象的对比论证。 为了很好的诠释上面的论证方式的区别，朗阁海外考试研究中心的专家将结合学生作文示范段落论证方式： 1. 实例论证并结合时间对比论证 大家注意一下标红的部分，作者分别从过去和现在论证了科技的发展对于老百姓生活质量的提高：购物的变化过去与现在的对比/人们的出行所发生的变化并对于人们生活质量的提高。（这个环节在批注里可以看到） 2. 实例论证和不同对象对比论证的结合 在这里，朗阁海外考试研究中心的专家给大家呈现一个2010年9月的综合写作机经上的一个阅读部分，同时也是上面一个题目的很理想的段落书写（It is better that Universities and colleges are now offering qualifications through distance learning from the Internet rather than teachers in the classroom.） 笔者认为这个段落是个很好的对比论证和实例论证： Online education also encourages cheating because the students are not closely monitored by the teacher. Students may have other people write their papers and use notes and books while