《2006年江苏省“南京工业大学杯”化学奥赛夏令营选拔赛辅导讲义--无机化学氧族--包建春整理.ppt

2.2 氧的化合物 2.2.1 氧分子形态 3H2O2 + 2MnO4 －== 5H2O2 + 2MnO4－+6H+ == H2O2 + Mn(OH)2 == 3H2O2+2NaCrO2+2NaOH == H2O2+2Fe2++2H+ == 2.4 硫的化合物 2.4.3 硫的氧化物 2.5 硒、碲的化合物 1. SeO2，TeO2为中等强度氧化剂 * * 2.1 氮族元素概述 第2章 氧族元素 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 激发：↑ ↓ ↑↓ 单线态 1O2 光敏化剂(基态) hν 光敏化剂 (激发态) 基态： ↑ ↑ 三线态 (S=2s+1) 154.8kJ.mol 92.0kJ.mol 光敏化剂(激)+ 3O2 能量传递 光敏化剂(基) + 1O2 O2: (σ1s)2(σ1s*)2(σ2s)2(σ2s*)2(σ2px)2(π2py)2(π2pz)2(π*2py)1(π*2pz)1 O2 O－2 O22－ O2+ Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 二氧基O2+ 阳离子 O2+[PtF6]- 双水杨缩乙二胺合钴 [CoIISlaen] 的结构示意图 CoLn + O2 LnCoO2 2CoLn + O2 LnCo — O2 —CoLn Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 2Ag + 2O3 == Ag2O2 + 2O2 PbS + 4O3 == PbSO4+ O2 ↑ 3KOH(s) + 2O3(g) == 2KO3(s) + KOH·H2O(s) + (1/2)O2(g) KO2+O2 2.2.2 臭氧（ O3 ） 有鱼腥味的淡蓝色气体 λ242nm 3O2 + hν 2O3 λ(220~330nm) π3 4 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. hν CF2Cl2 CF2Cl + Cl? Cl? + O3 ClO? + O2 ClO? + O Cl? + O2 净反应：O3 + O == 2O2 NO + O3 → NO2 + O2 NO2 + O → NO + O2 净反应：O3 + O == 2O2 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 结构: O为sp3杂化 H2O2弱酸性、不稳定 2.3 过氧化氢（ H2O2） 10 ， 10 2.0 H HO O H －25 －12 － 2 2 2 ≈ × = + + 2 2 2 2 /mol －196kJ O O 2H O 2H = + Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 制备 电解；2NH4HSO4 = (NH4)2S2O8 +H2↑ 阳极 阴极 酸水解：S2O82-+2H2O = H2O2+2HSO4- 乙基蒽醌法： +H2 Pd催化剂 + O2 = +H2O2 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.S