《IMF.pptx

International Monetary FundThe International Monetary Fund (IMF) is the intergovernmental organization that oversees the global financial system by following the macroeconomic policies of its member countries, in particular those with an impact on exchange rate and the balance of payments. It is an organization formed with a stated objective of stabilizing international exchange rates and facilitating development through the enforcement of liberal economic policies on other countries as a condition for loans, restructuring or aid. It also offers highly leveraged loans, mainly to poorer countries. Its headquarters are in Washington, D.C., United States. The IMFs relatively high influence in world affairs and development has drawn heavy criticism from some sourcesChristine LagardeThe CEO of IMF WBG Broadly speaking, World Bank refers to World Bank Group. But the term “World Bank” generally refers to the IBRD（ 复兴开发银行） and IDA（国际开发协会）, while the World Bank Group is used to refer to the institutions collectively. It’s a family of five international organizations that makes leveraged loans, generally to poor countries. The Groups headquarters are in Washington, D.C. 金砖四国是由高盛证券公司首席经济学家/ShowTitle.e?sp=S%E5%90%89%E5%A7%86%C2%B7%E5%A5%A5%E5%B0%BC%E5%B0%94吉姆/ShowTitle.e?sp=S%E5%90%89%E5%A7%86%C2%B7%E5%A5%A5%E5%B0%BC%E5%B0%94·/ShowTitle.e?sp=S%E5%90%89%E5%A7%86%C2%B7%E5%A5%A5%E5%B0%BC%E5%B0%94奥尼尔在2001年11月20日发表的一份题为《全球需要更好的经济之砖》（The World Needs Better Economic BRICs）中首次提出来的，具体是指/ShowTitle.e?sp=S%E5%B7%B4%E8%A5%BF巴西（Brazil）、/ShowTitle.e?sp=S%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF俄罗斯（Russia）、/ShowTitle.e?sp=S%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6印度（India）和/ShowTitle.e?sp=S%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD中国（China）四国。由于四国首字母组成“BRICs”发音与砖块（bricks）相似，故被称为“金砖四国”。南非加入后，其英文单词将变为“BRICS”，并改称为“金砖国家”。#quote1[国际金钥匙组织金钥匙”的全称为“国际饭店金钥匙组织”（UICH），是一个国际性的饭店服务专业组织。金钥匙服务，最早是法国在1929年率先提出的，他们将“客人委托、饭店代办”式的个性化服务上升为一种理念。世界海关组织World Intellectual Property OrganizationWorld Meteorological OrganizationSCO Shanghai Cooperation Organization 上海合作组织 SEA