钻柱自动化处理中控制系统设计.doc

青 岛 科 技 大 学 本 科 毕 业 设 计 （论 文） 题 目 __________________________________ __________________________________ 指导教师__________________________ 辅导教师__________________________ 学生姓名__________________________ 学生学号__________________________ __________________________院（部）____________________________专业________________班 ______年 ___月 ___日 钻柱自动化处理中动力鼠洞控制系统的设计 摘 要 目前，人类对石油能源的需求越来越高，技术的更新与换代也变得尤为重要。钻柱自动排放是石油钻井作业的重要组成部分，而动力鼠洞则是钻杆自动排放的关键环节。在国外对动力鼠洞的设计与研究也已经持续多年并且取得了可观的成果，正因为如此钻柱自动化处理技术在国外得到了广泛的应用。然而在国内，动力鼠洞控制系统的设计做的并不充分，这严重限制了钻柱自动化处理技术的发展。 早在20世纪40年代，起下钻的机械化方法就已经得到研发，于是产生了钻杆自动化处理技术，由此自动化的动力鼠洞系统开始得到研发与应用。动力鼠洞的驱动通常采用液压、机械和自动控制等技术，用机械设备取代传统的人工操作，从而实现了安全、高效和健康的钻井方式。 本文通过对国内动力鼠洞控制系统技术的研究，选取液压缸作为执行机构，在对各种钻杆自动排放系统优缺点的比较之后，选取了西门子S7系列PLC和Profibus现场总线控制方式来对动力鼠洞控制系统进行控制。采用WinCC组态，通过上位机对动力鼠洞控制系统实施在线监管。 关键词：PLC；WinCC；现场总线；动力鼠洞控制系统 THE DESIGN OF POWER RAT HOLES IN THE AUTOMATIC SYSTEM OF DRILLING PIPE ABSTRACT Nowadays people have a higher demand of petroleum energy, so the upgrading of technology becomes especially important. The automatic discharge system of drill pipe is one of the important components of petroleum drilling process, while the power rat holes are the key points of automatic drilling process which has been designed and studied for many years in the foreign countries, and considerable achievements have been made. This has led to a wide range of applications of drill stem automated processing technology. While in China, there are not adequate researches of automatic power rat holes, so it seriously restricts the development of automatic discharge of drilling process. In the 1940s, the method of discharge of drill pipe has been studied, so that the technology of power rat holes has been developed and used. The system of power rat holes usually adopts the technologies of hydraulic as power, machinery and automatic control. By doing this, mechanical equipment replaces traditional manual operation, so that a safe, efficient and healthy drilling process is achieve