放疗及相关知识__培训课件.ppt

* After the photons have been produced, we may use a device to shape the radiation beam according to the tumor shape. This device is called a collimator. The term “multileaf” refers to the design of this collimator, composed of many narrow independent metal leaves. They are like “fingers” that you can stick in the radiation beam in order to get as close as possible to the complex shape that we want to achieve. * 这是整个放疗过程的流程图，下面我就通过这个流程来介绍一下CMS公司的产品的特征和优势 * Simulation: Most of the collected data are images, like X-ray images. This X-ray machine (called a Conventional Simulator) looks probably different from everything you ever saw in a Radiology department. It has however the same function. The only difference is that its mechanical structure matches the structure of the treatment machine. This is very important; as we are collecting data to design a treatment, we want these data in the exact same conditions as the future treatment. That is why the structure of both machines has to be identical. However, one of the disadvantages of this device is that we obtain only 2D information. It is necessary, or at least much more accurate, to have an idea of the 3D anatomy of the patient. * Simulation: This is why you find more and more CT Scanner in Radiotherapy Departments. These machines allow you to get really precise 3D information about the anatomy and the exact location of the tumor you want to treat. We however loose the mechanical match with the treatment machine, but this can be compensated using special laser and software. (CLICK LINK BACK) 放疗及相关知识 Cancer肿瘤概况…From the World Health Organization (WHO)世界卫生组织提供 Worldwide 全球: 每年有1100万人被诊断患有肿瘤 每年有600万人死于肿瘤 In China 中国: 每年新增肿瘤确诊患者280万人 每年有170万人死于肿瘤 肺癌、胃癌、腹部肿瘤及肝癌最常见 当前死亡率达到250人/10万人口 为何要发展肿瘤诊治技术… 全世界对肿瘤的了解越来越多 世界卫生组织预言：到2020年，每年将诊断出两千万新病例 若能及早发现，多数患者可被成功治愈 恶 性 肿 瘤 的 定 义 与正常细胞的生物学 差异大 肿瘤细胞的生物学特性 类似于其干细胞 细胞无限制快速生长, 并伴有远处转移 放 疗 –治疗肿瘤的重要手段 放射线(X线,电子线等)通过物理,生物化学的作用,阻止细胞生长,包括癌变细胞及正常细胞,由于癌变细胞的快速增长,对射线更敏感,且正常