一般功能性词汇..doc

一般功能性词汇 1. 因果关系 ? 导致，产生 give rise to,lead to, result in, be responsible for, prompt 解析：give rise to, lead to, result in 表示一般性的“导致、产生、造成”；be responsible for 不仅表示“为…负责”，也可以表示“产生”（being a source or cause）， 但多指“产生某种负面后果和不利局面”；prompt 表示“激发”（To move to act; spur; incite），有“快速产生”之意。 Fast-paced modern life is responsible for the consumption of junk food. The bishops speech has prompted an angry response from both political parties. Sharon Stone’s remarks about China’s Sichuan earthquake prompted angry responses from the Chinese public. ? 产生于 result from, originate in (from) 解析：result from 表示“产生于”；originate in (from)表示“发源自” 例句：Youtiao originated in China. ? 归因于 attribute ...to, blame..on, be the culprit of 解析：attribute A to B 表示“将A 归因于B”；blame A on B，表示“将A（负 面的）归咎于B”；culprit 本意表示“罪犯”(one charged with a crime or an offense)， 比喻义表示“造成某种负面后果的原因”（the reason for a particular problem or difficulty） 例句：Children today are getting increasingly overweight. Experts believe that excessive consumption is the main culprit. ? 使某人做某事 prompt sb to do sth, motivate sb to do sth 解析：prompt 指“令某人做出某种具体行动的原因，强调快速激发”；motivate 一般功能性词汇 2 指“成为某人的做某事的动机” Many great businessmen are motivated not but the desire for money. ? 原因 cause, reason 解析：cause 指“造成某事客观原因”，reason 指“用来解释的理由”。Reason 并不一定就是cause.跟cause 有关的几种常用搭配： 真实原因 real cause, 根本原因root cause, underlying cause 主要原因major cause, primary cause 可能的原因likely cause, possible cause contributory cause 例句：The reason he gave for his poor academic performances is that he had recently went through a emotional meltdown. But I know that is not the real cause. Unhealthy eating habits have many other contributory causes. 2. 事物数量 ? 几个 several, a number of, a couple of 解析：several 略显非正式；A number of 是正式表达。 A couple of days Across the street from me there are a couple of police officers standing guard ? 很多个 可数 a large (vast) number of, numerous, a host of, a legion of , a flock of , flock to do sth 解析：A host