Unit1wordsandexpressions..doc

Unit 1 II. Words Expressions get by: be good enough but not very good; manage to live or do things in a satisfactory way - It is a little bit difficult for the old couple to get by on such a small pension. - 我父母靠很少的钱将就着把日子过了下去。 (=My parents managed to get by on a small amount of money.) - She never works but somehow she gets by. haul: vt. 1. transport, as with a truck, cart, etc. - The farmers haul vegetables to the market on a truck every morning. - 救援队把药品和食物运到被淹的村庄。 (=The rescue team hauled medical supplies and food to the flooded villages.) 2. pull or drag sth. with effort or force - A crane had to be used to haul the car out of the stream. - Rescue workers hauled passengers out of the crashed train. CF: haul, drag pull 这几个词都是动词，都有“拖”、“拉”、“拽”之意。 haul 指缓慢而费力地拖一极重之物，有时可表示很困难地拽。例如： - Lorries haul heavy goods from factories to ports. (=大卡车把沉重的货物从工厂运到港口。) drag 指施力者在地面或表面上缓慢而沉重地把东西拖过一段距离，该词通常使人想到主动或被动的阻力。例如： - You might drag a heavy box across the ground if you couldn’t lift it. (=如果你提不动一个重箱子，你可以在地上拖着它走。) pull 为最普通用词，可指朝各个方向拉，并不强调用力大小。该词后面可添加副词或副词词组具体描述拖拉动作的用力大小或方向等。例如： - They pulled hard but the rock remained stock-still. (=他们使劲地拉，可那石头仍纹丝不动。) supplement: 1. vt. add to sth. in order to improve it (followed by with) - Peter supplements his ordinary income by writing books. - 医生建议在我的饮食中补充维生素 E 和 A。 (=The doctor suggested supplementing my diet with vitamins E and A.) 2. n. an additional amount of sth. - Do you read the color supplements of the Sunday newspapers? (=你读周日报纸的彩色增刊吗？) - She has been ill and must have supplements to her ordinary food. spray: vt. force out liquid in small drops upon (followed by with) - I’ll have to spray the roses with insecticide to get rid of the greenfly (蚜虫). - They sprayed the President’s car with bullets. - 汽车开过，溅了我一身水。 (=A car went past and sprayed me with water.) pursue: vt. 1. be busy with; continue (steadily) with - He is pursuing his studies at the university. - After graduation Martin chose to pursue the same career a