作文张雷冬课堂讲义..doc

Argument课堂笔记 张雷冬 ? 2004, Zhang Leidong All rights reserved. Unauthorized duplication is a violation of applicable laws. 个人劳动成果，未经允许请勿转贴或作商业用途。谢谢 F.A=False Analogy D.C=Different Concepts D.S=Different Scopes I.T=Incomplete Thought F.D=False Dilemma C.E=Cause-Effect fallacy Argument 193 The result of the survey lacks credibility and therefore could not lend strong support to the arguer’s conclusion/what the arguer maintains. The arguer fails to consider/include/take into account teachers in other subjects, thus many teachers were actually excluded from the survey. (selective sample) The arguer fails to establish the causal relationship between homework frequency and students’ performance. (C.E) Are the two areas, and the students of the two areas comparable? (F.A) The grades are not equal to the quality of teaching. (D.C) Argument 238 The survey does not include all the graduates in MVC, thus it is almost impossible to evaluate the employment result in MVC. (selective sample) The comparison between GMC and MVC is incomplete, hence we and hardly evaluate the employment results of the graduating seniors from the two colleges. (incomplete comparison) The arguer fails to establish the causal relationship between the fact that GMC has more b.cs and j.cs than MVC and the fact that 90% fo last year’s graduating seniors from GMC got job offers.(C.E) The arguer fails to convince us that offering more courses in computer technology will necessarily contribute to the employment of graduates in MVC.(unwarranted assumption) Perhaps GMC and MVC are not comparable in several aspects such as reputation, ranking, alumni, etc. (F.A) Argument 180 The result of the survey lacks credibility because the sample is too limited. (quantity of the sample) The arguer fails to establish the causal relationship between taking the Easy Read course and the reading ability of the first graduate, and the promotion of the second graduate as well. (C.E) The arguer commits a fallacy of F.A, ar