新GRE_Argument题库翻译(已将所有重题合并)..doc

1.Woven baskets characterized by a particular distinctive pattern have previously been found only in the immediate vicinity of the prehistoric village of Palea and therefore were believed to have been made only by the Palean people. Recently, however, archaeologists discovered such a Palean basket in Lithos, an ancient village across the Brim River from Palea. The Brim River is very deep and broad, and so the ancient Paleans could have crossed it only by boat, and no Palean boats have been found. Thus it follows that the so-called Palean baskets were not uniquely Palean. 一种具有独特花纹的编织篮子以前只在史前村庄 Palea 的临近地区发现过，因而被认为是 Palea 居所独有的。然 而最近，考古学家在一个与 Palea 隔着一条叫做 Brim 河 的村庄 Lithos 发现了一个这样的 Palea 篮子。Brim 河很 深很宽，所以古代 Palea 人只能坐船穿过它，但没有证据 表明 Palea 人拥有船只。这表明那种所谓的 Palea 篮子并 不是那里所独有的。 2.The following appeared as part of a letter to the editor of a scientific journal. A recent study of eighteen rhesus monkeys provides clues as to the effects of birth order on an individuals levels of stimulation. The study showed that in stimulating situations (such as an encounter with an unfamiliar monkey), firstborn infant monkeys produce up to twice as much of the hormone cortisol, which primes the body for increased activity levels, as do their younger siblings. Firstborn humans also produce relatively high levels of cortisol in stimulating situations (such as the return of a parent after an absence). The study also found that during pregnancy, first-time mother monkeys had higher levels of cortisol than did those who had had several offspring. 最近一项对恒河猴的调查揭示了出生顺序对于个体刺 激水平的影响。调查显示在受到刺激的环境下（例如遇到 一个不熟悉的猴子），头胎小猴的皮质醇分泌会翻倍 ，这 样增加了它及其兄弟姐妹的身体灵活度。人类的头胎孩子 在遇到刺激（例如父母外出回家）时也会分泌出相对浓度 的皮质醇。研究同时还发现在怀孕期间，第一次为人母的 猴子的皮质醇要比生过几次孩子后的猴子水平高很多。 3/171.The following appeared as a letter to the editor from the owner of a skate shop in Central Plaza. Two years ago the city voted to prohibit skateboarding in Central Plaza. They claimed that skateboard users were responsible for the litter and vandalism that were