部分词和短语在医学英语中的翻译.pptVIP

部分词和短语在医学英语中的翻译 一, 不定冠词a/an 和定冠词the, 在表示”一类”时可以省略不译 A low salt diet may result in reduction of blood pressure. Salted chicken 低盐饮食可使血压降低. 2. If the tumor spreads into other parts of the body, it is called a malignant tumor. 如果肿瘤扩散到身体的其他部位,则称之为恶性肿瘤. 3. The spleen is a solid organ about the same size as the kidney. 脾为大小与肾相似的实质性器官. 二,不定冠词a/an 和定冠词the, 如果不译, 会产生含义不清或指称不明时, 不定冠词a/an 可翻译为: 一, 每, 某, 等 定冠词the可翻译为: 这(些), 那(些), 此, 该, 等 Many people believe that the disease is caused by a virus. 许多人认为此病是由一种病毒引起的. 2. The disease is more common in young adults. 这种疾病在年纪比较轻的成年人中较常见. 3. Deficiency of an enzyme has several general consequences. 缺乏某种酶会产生一些全身性后果. 4. The operation must be accomplished without impairing the already precarious blood supply. 该手术必须在不破坏已经不稳定的供血情况下完成. 5. The symptoms caused by the virus may be relatively mild. 这种病毒所引起的症状比较轻. 6. The germs are found in the waste removed from the body. 这些病菌是在身体排出的废物中发现的. 三. 复数名词 英语中的可数名词有单复数之分, 但汉语中的名词本身并没有单复数. 在翻译英语中的复数名词时, 既要符合逻辑, 又要符合汉语的习惯. 1) 一般可以将复数名词与单数名词同样对待, 不必翻译成复数 It is common to divide tumors into tow main groups, benign and malignant. 通常将肿瘤分为两大类: 良性肿瘤和恶性肿瘤. The medical workers first applied acupuncture analgesia in dental operations. 医务工作者最早在牙科手术中应用针刺镇痛. 2) 有时根据需要, 应在复数名词前加上”有些”, “各种”, 等 Diseases may be classified into following categories. 疾病可以分为下列几类. There are complex problems in medicine, and it takes much time to solve them. 医学上有一些复杂的问题, 解决这些问题要花许多时间. 3) 如果确定复数名词的具体数量, 可以将这一数量翻译出来. The heart is slightly bigger than a fist, and lies between the lungs. 心脏略大于一个拳头, 位于两肺之间. 应该注意的是, 英语中有些复数形式的名词, 其意义跟不是复数形式的名词可能没有任何关联. 例如: times; works; pains; glasses 等 Take three tablets of the medicine three times a day after meals. Mercury weighs about 13 times as much as water. The doctors spare no pains to cure the patient of his disease. (不辞辛苦) 4) The medical works are difficult to translate. 四. Failure Failure 一词在医学英语中使用非常广, 一般有”失败”, “缺乏”, “未能”,”没有”等含义, 在专业方面还可以解释