variable competence model.PPTVIP

* Members 高苇苇 高源 陈思思 桂鸣 张娜娜 王玉 何凡 吕春园 瞿桂珍 陶静 鲍春燕 The Variable Competence Model The Variable Competence Model, as proposed by Ellis in 1984, is based on and adds to the work of Tarone, Widdowson, and Bialystok.?Its chief constituents are, what Ellis (1985) calls, a ‘process’ and ‘product’ of language use.?According to this theory, the way a given language is used mirrors the method in which it is learnt.? Introduction of VCM The array of discourse types, from planned to unplanned, constitutes what Ellis has termed the product of language use.?The unplanned discourse can be explained as spontaneous communication without prior thought or preparation.?In contrast, the planned discourse requires first thought, then expression.? The discrepancy between knowledge about the language, i.e. rules of the language, and the actual use of this knowledge, i.e. procedures,?allows for understanding the notion of the process of language use, as termed by Ellis (1985).?In Widdowson’s view (Ellis 1985), knowledge of the rules can be referred to as ‘competence’, and the use of this knowledge in actual speech, as ‘capacity’.?Following this assumption, it can be further stated that in order to produce sentences in discourse situation, the language user needs to be capable of correlating his knowledge of the rules with situational and linguistic context in which he finds himself .? variable competence, i.e. the user possesses a heterogeneous(不同的) rule system Types of variability in inter-language Variability in inter-language Systematic V Non-systematic V Individual V Contextual V Free V Performance V Linguistic context Situational context Inter-language Definition: 1) The language constructed by second or foreign language learners who are still in the process of learning a language 2) A language system between the target language and the learner’s native language. Inter-language Target language It’s imperfect compared with the target