修改版--省略句用法.ppt

* . 省略 Ellipsis 人们在交流时，尤其在口语中，常常把一个或几个句子的成分省略掉，这种现象称为省略，ellipse， 这种句子叫做省略句elliptical sentences。 句子成分的省略 复合句的省略 并列句的省略 肯定和否定结构的省略 不定式的省略 省略的常见的句子环境 一、句子成分的省略 1. 省略主语。如: ??? Havent seen you for ages!好久不见了! 2.省略谓语。如： (Is there) Anything you want? 你要什么东西吗? (Does) Anybody need help? 有人要帮忙吗? 3. 省略宾语。如： I don‘t know (where he is ). 我不知道。 4.省略主语和谓语（或谓语的一部分），只剩下表语、宾语、状语或其它成分。如： (Im) Afraid I cant come. 恐怕我不能来了。 (Have you) Got any ink? 你有墨水吗?  【高考链接】－It’s a long time since I saw my sister. －_________her this weekend?  A. Why not visit???? ?? B. Why not to visit???? C. Why not visiting?? D. Why don’t visit ? 解析：本题考察省略结构，这里why not visit =Why didn’t you visit 。 A 二、复合句的省略 状语从句的省略 限制性定语从句的省略 宾语从句的省略 1.状语从句内的省略 在含有状语从句的复合句中若从句的主句是it或与主句的主语相同，且在谓语中含有be时，常省略从句的主语和be。 when，while，as, once，whenever引导的时间状语从句； if，unless引导的条件状语从句； though，although，even if ，even though引导的让步状语从句； as though，as if，as引导的方式状语从句； because引导的原因状语从句； wherever引导的地点状语从句， Sentences When (she was) asked , she didn’t answer a word. Water can be changed into vapor if (it is ) heated. When (you are) working ,you must pay attention.? We may try again if (it is ) necessary .  We all know that, ________, the situation will get worse.  A. not if dealt carefully with???????? B. if not carefully dealt with ?C. if dealt not carefully with???????? D. not if carefully dealt with 解析：本题考查状语从句的省略问题，即根据本句完整句子应该补充为：if （it is） not carefully dealt with，当然， 现在的语言中，已经把这种省略形式固定化了即：if not. B 2. 限制性定语从句中的省略 作宾语的关系代词that，which, whom可以省略； e.g. theres one point we must insist on. 在以the same... as和such... as引导的定语从句中，可以省略与主句相同的部分； e.g. She gave the same answer as (she had given) before? the way后面的定语从句中：若先行词way充当从句的方式状语，也可以省略其关系词。 e.g. What surprised me was not what he said but the way he said it. e.g. Do you know the way he responded to me?! 非正式语体中，关系副词why也可以省略。 e.g. Tell me the reason you dislike it. 3. 宾语从句的省略。Tom has gone home, but I dont know why (he has gone home). I heard (that ) he had