2011级话语分析复习资料 22011级话语分析复习资料 2.doc

英汉术语翻译 术语简述（60个单词以上） The linearisation problem 发话者、写作者选择某种顺序将单个的词排列成句、句排列成章的过程即为“线性化问题”One of the constraints on the speaker/writer is that he can produce only one word at a time. When he orders these single words into sentences, and those sentences into texts, he confronts what has been called The linearisation problem Subsititution The process or result of replacing one word by another at a particular position in a structure is called substitution. A: I’ve lost my dictionary. B: Get a new one. (one = dictionary) Cotext Cohesion Cohesion is an important field of study in discourse analysis. It refers to the grammatical and/or lexical relationship between different elements of a discourse. This may be the relationship between different sentences or between different parts of a sentence. It actually concerns the question of how sentences are explicitly linked together in a discourse by different kinds of overt devices. theme Theme refers to a formal category in the analysis of sentences (or clause in a complex or compound sentence). It is the left-most constituent of the sentence. It has two main functions: first, connecting back and linking in to the previous discourse maintaining a coherent point of view; second, serving as a point of departure for the future development of the discourse. 6. endophoric relations 7. reference Traditionally, the relationship which holds between words and things is the relationship of reference: words refer to things. The discourse analyst appeals to the view that it is that the speaker refers by using some appropriate expression: he invests the expression with reference by the act of referring; in discourse analysis, reference is treated as an action on the part of the speaker or writer. 8. displaced context 9. transactional function The function which language serves in the expression of content will be described as transactional function. Linguists, philosophers of langua