2012级药学英语上册汇总2012级药学英语上册汇总.doc

一、课文部分 Unit One Text A Introduction to Physiology building block connective tissue epithelial tissue anabolism catabolism deoxyribonucleic acid glucose glycogen gonad homeostasis matrix nitrogen osmolality osmoreceptor potassium trachea bronchi plasma membrane blood clotting glial cell atria ventricle cardiovascular system respiratory system gastrointestinal tract urinary tract reproductive system endocrine feces glucagon ganglia embryo body fluid fertilized egg  课文中句子（英译汉）: It is concerned with how an organism performs its varied activities; how it feeds, how it adapts to changing circumstances, how it spawns new generations. 它研究生物体如何进行各种活动，如何饮食，如何运动，如何适应不断改变的环境，如何繁殖后代。 Although some processes are similar across the whole spectrum of biology-the replication of the genetic code for example-many are specific to particular groups of organisms. 尽管从生物学整个范畴看，生物体某些活动过程是相似的，如基因编码的复制，但许多过程还是某些生物群体特有的。 Although there have been many important physiological investigations on human volunteers, the need for precise control over the experimental conditions has meant that much of our present physiological knowledge has been derived from studies on other animals such as frogs, rabbits, cats, and dogs. 尽管我们对志愿者进行了重要的生理研究，但是实验条件需要精确控制，我们当前大多生理知识源于对其他动物如青蛙、兔子、猫、狗等的研究。 The heart consists of four chambers, two atria and two ventricles, which form a pair of pumps arranged side by side. The right ventricles pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs where it absorbs oxygen from the air, while the left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood returning from the lungs to the rest of body to supply the tissues. 心脏有四个腔，其中有两个心房和两个心室，构成了一对并排存在的泵。右心室将去氧的血液泵至肺中，血液在肺中吸收空气中的氧气，而左心室把从肺回流来的有氧血液泵出至身体其他部位，供应给各组织。 The carbon dioxide produced by the respiratory activity of the tissues is carried to the lungs by the blood in the pulmonary artery where it is excreted in the expired air. 组织呼吸活动中释放的二氧化碳由肺动脉中的血液运送至肺，然后呼气排除体外。 This activity depends on electrical signals which, in turn, depend on the concen