公共管理学(英文).doc

第一章 1、There has been a transformation in the management of the public sectors of advanced countries. 发达国家公共部门的管理经历了一场转变。 2、This new paradigm poses a direct challenge to several of what had previously been regarded as fundamental principles of traditional public administration. 这种新的典范对曾被认为是公共行政的一些基本的、几乎是永恒的原理提出了直接的挑战。 3、All these points will be discussed at greater length later,but the main point is there has been total change in a profession that saw little change for around a hundred years. 虽然上述一切都值得深入探讨，这里强调的主要一点是，在100年来很少发生变化的公共部门职业领域，如今已经发生了全面的变革。 4、There is some debate over whether or not public management,particularly the new public management,is a new paradigm for public sector management. 这里有一些争论，关于是否公共管理,特别是新公共管理是公共部门管理的新典范。 5、Some argue that paradigm is large hurdle to jump,requiring agreement among all a disciplines practitioners -- a more or less permanent way of looking at the world. 一些人认为典范是巨大的障碍,需要协议在所有学科的实践者——或多或少永久看待世界的方式。 6、The basic paradigm for public sector management are those following from Ostroms argument that there are two opposing forms of organization:bureaucracy and markets.公共部门管理的基本模式是遵循从奥斯特罗姆的论点,有两种对立的组织形式:官僚主义和市场。 7、The public management paradigm has the very different underlying theoretical bases of economics and private management. 公共管理范式有非常不同的经济和私人管理的基础理论依据。 第二章 1、What is here called the traditional model of public administration was once a major reform movement.这里所指的传统的公共行政模式在从前曾是一场重要的改革运动。 2、The traditional model of public administration remains the longest standing and most successful theory of management in the public sector,but is now being replace. 传统的公共行政模式目前仍是公共部门中持续时间最长并且最成功的管理理论，但是它正在被逐渐取而代之。 3、Public administration has a long history,one paralleling the very notion of government. 公共行政有一个漫长的历史，它与政府的概念和文明的兴起同步发展。 4、Administrative systems existed in ancient Egypt to administer irrigation from the annual flood of the Nile and to bulid the pyramids.公认的行政系统出现在古埃及，主要是为了治理尼罗河每年度的洪水、管理灌溉和建造金字塔 5、In Europe the various Empires - Gr